The Psychological and Cultural Foundations of East Asian Cognition: Contradiction, Change, and Holism
The Psychological and Cultural Foundations of East Asian Cognition: Contradiction, Change, and Holism
Assistant Professor
Associate Professor of Psychology
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Abstract
The unprecedented economic growth in many East Asian societies in the few past decades have placed the region center stage, and increasing globalization have made East-West cultural understanding of even greater importance today. This book is the most comprehensive on East Asian cognition and thinking styles to date, and is the first to bring together a large body of empirical research on “naïve dialecticism” (Peng & Nisbett, 1999; Peng, Spencer-Rodgers, & Nian, 2006) and “analytic/holistic thinking” (Nisbett, 2003), theories in cultural psychology that stem from Richard Nisbett’s (2003) highly influential and successful book on The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think Differently … and Why. More specifically, the current book examines the psychological, philosophical, and cultural underpinnings and consequences of “dialectical thinking” (Peng & Nisbett, 1999) and cognitive holism (Nisbett, 2003) for human thought, emotion, and behaviour. Since the publication of Peng and Nisbett’s (1999) seminal article, research on this topic has flourished, and East-West cultural differences have been documented in almost all aspects of the human condition and life, from the manner in which people reason and make decisions, conceptualize themselves and others, to how they cope with stress and mental illness, and interact with others, including romantic partners and social groups. Twenty-one chapters written by leading experts in psychology and related fields cover such diverse topics as cultural neuroscience and the brain, lifespan development, attitudes and group perception, romantic relationships, extracultural cognition (the adoption of foreign mind-sets and perspectives), creativity, emotion, the self-concept, racial/ethnic identity, psychopathology, and coping processes and wellbeing. This research has practical implications for business and organizational management, international relations and politics, education, and clinical and counselling psychology, and may be of particular interest to business professionals, managers in government and non-profit sectors, as well as educators and clinicians working with East Asians and Americans of East Asian descent.
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Front Matter
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1
What Is Dialectical Thinking? Conceptualization and Measurement
Julie Spencer-Rodgers and others
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2
The Epistemology of Yin-Yang Balancing as the Root of Chinese Cultural Traditions: The Indigenous Features and Geocentric Implications
Peter Ping Li
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3
Culture and Lay Theories of Change
Ning Zhang and others
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4
Analytic versus Holistic Cognition: Constructs and Measurement
Minkyung Koo and others
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5
Dialecticism across the Lifespan: Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Ontogenetic and Cultural Factors Influencing Dialectical Thinking and Emotional Experience
Igor Grossmann
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6
The Cultural Neuroscience of Holistic Thinking
Bobby K. Cheon and others
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7
Judging the World Dialectically versus Non-Dialectically: Cultural Variations in Online Decision-Making Processes
Takahiko Masuda and others
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8
Contextualization of Mental Representations and Evaluative Responses: A Theory-Based Analysis of Cultural Differences
Yang Ye andBertram Gawronski
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9
Dialectical Thinking and Creativity from Many Perspectives: Contradiction and Tension
Susannah B. F. Paletz and others
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10
Dialectical Thinking and Its Influence in the World: A New Perspective on East Asians’ Control Orientations
Joonha Park and others
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11
Entitativity Perceptions of Individuals and Groups across Cultures
Saori Tsukamoto and others
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12
Dialecticism in Close Relationships and Marriage
Susan E. Cross andBen C. P. Lam
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13
The Yin and Yang of Attitudes and Related Constructs: Dialectical and Holistic Influences
Christine Ma-Kellams and others
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14
The Dialectical Self: The Internal Consistency, Cross-Situational Consistency, and Temporal Stability of Self-Conception
Sylvia Xiaohua Chen and others
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15
Dialecticism and the Future Self in Cultural Contexts: Relation to Well-Being
Qi Wang and others
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16
Contextual and Cultural Factors Influencing Malleable Racial Identity
Julie A. Garcia and others
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17
When in Rome Think Like a Roman: Empirical Evidence and Implications of Temporarily Adopting Dialectical Thinking
Ashley M. Votruba andVirginia S. Y. Kwan
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18
Dialectical Emotions
Brooke Wilken andYuri Miyamoto
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19
Dialecticism and Mental Health: Toward a Yin-Yang Vision of Well-Being
Y. Joel Wong andTao Liu
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20
The Yin-Yang of Stress: The Link Between Dialectical Thinking and Coping Processes
Hi-Po Bobo Lau andCecilia Cheng
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21
Dialectical Thinking and Attitudes toward Action/Inaction Beyond East Asia
Ethan Zell and others
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End Matter
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