
Contents
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Primary and Secondary Neurulation Form the Neural Tube Primary and Secondary Neurulation Form the Neural Tube
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A Failure of the Neural Tube to Close Is a Common Birth Defect A Failure of the Neural Tube to Close Is a Common Birth Defect
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The Neural Tube Grows, Bulges, and Contracts to Form the Five Major Divisions of the CNS The Neural Tube Grows, Bulges, and Contracts to Form the Five Major Divisions of the CNS
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The Territory Allotted to the Dorsal Telencephalon Is Greatly Expanded in the Human The Territory Allotted to the Dorsal Telencephalon Is Greatly Expanded in the Human
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The Lumen of the Neural Tube Develops into the Adult Ventricular System The Lumen of the Neural Tube Develops into the Adult Ventricular System
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From an Orderly Neural Tube to the Adult Human Brain From an Orderly Neural Tube to the Adult Human Brain
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The Corpus Callosum Connects the Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres The Corpus Callosum Connects the Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres
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Developmental Territories Confer a Basic Functional Organization to the Brain and Spinal Cord Developmental Territories Confer a Basic Functional Organization to the Brain and Spinal Cord
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Development Continues Postnatally Development Continues Postnatally
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A Developmentally Inspired View of Adult Brain Anatomy A Developmentally Inspired View of Adult Brain Anatomy
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Mapping Functions onto the Spinal Cord, Brainstem, and Forebrain Mapping Functions onto the Spinal Cord, Brainstem, and Forebrain
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An Overview of the Outcomes of Nervous System Trauma An Overview of the Outcomes of Nervous System Trauma
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Additional Reading Additional Reading
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3. Developmental Overview of Central Neuroanatomy: The Tube Within the Brain
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Published:February 2017
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Abstract
The central nervous system develops from a proliferating tube of cells and retains a tubular organization in the adult spinal cord and brain, including the forebrain. Failure of the neural tube to close at the front is lethal, whereas failure to close the tube at the back end produces spina bifida, a serious neural tube defect. Swellings in the neural tube develop into the hindbrain, midbrain, diencephalon, and telencephalon. The diencephalon sends an outpouching out of the cranium to form the retina, providing an accessible window onto the brain. The dorsal telencephalon forms the cerebral cortex, which in humans is enormously expanded by growth in every direction. Running through the embryonic neural tube is an internal lumen that becomes the cerebrospinal fluid–containing ventricular system. The effects of damage to the spinal cord and forebrain are compared with respect to impact on self and potential for improvement.
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