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Scholarship on Peasant Resistance in China and the Soviet Union Scholarship on Peasant Resistance in China and the Soviet Union
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The Problems of the Official Account and the Narrative of the “Grain Strike” The Problems of the Official Account and the Narrative of the “Grain Strike”
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“Nobody Will Starve to Death”: the Promise of New China “Nobody Will Starve to Death”: the Promise of New China
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The System of Grain Distribution in the PRC The System of Grain Distribution in the PRC
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The First Supply Crisis in 1953 and the Unified Purchase and Sale of Grain The First Supply Crisis in 1953 and the Unified Purchase and Sale of Grain
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The First Commandment: Do Not Waste Grain The First Commandment: Do Not Waste Grain
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The Hierarchy of Urban Rationing The Hierarchy of Urban Rationing
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In the Period of the “Three-Fix” Policy (1955–1957): Real or Feigned Hunger? In the Period of the “Three-Fix” Policy (1955–1957): Real or Feigned Hunger?
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The Turning Point: the Socialist Education Campaign and the Politicization of Hunger The Turning Point: the Socialist Education Campaign and the Politicization of Hunger
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Famine Aid and the Demands of the Peasants Famine Aid and the Demands of the Peasants
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Peasant Grievances: State Discrimination and Food Availability in Rural China Peasant Grievances: State Discrimination and Food Availability in Rural China
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The Party Counterattacks and Establishes New Taboos on Food and Hunger The Party Counterattacks and Establishes New Taboos on Food and Hunger
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New Food Management Under the Public Dining Halls New Food Management Under the Public Dining Halls
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3 Hierarchies of Hunger and Peasant-State Relations (1949–1958)
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Published:June 2014
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Abstract
This chapter examines food policies and peasant–state relations between 1949 and 1958 in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). It demonstrates how the topic of hunger became more and more politicized, and explains how the conflicts that had developed in the early 1950s contributed to famine. It begins with an overview of debates concerning whether certain actions of the peasants could properly be defined as “resistance.” It then analyzes the conflicts between the state and the peasantry in the supply crises of 1953 and 1955. It demonstrates why hunger became strongly politicized and came to be a taboo topic during the Socialist Education Campaign in 1957, when the government began to believe that peasants were feigning hunger to avoid procurement and to receive famine relief. This development had deadly consequences when the famine actually broke out.
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