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Saber M. Hussain, John J. Schlager, Safety Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles: Inhalation Model for Chronic Exposure, Toxicological Sciences, Volume 108, Issue 2, April 2009, Pages 223–224, https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfp032
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The rapid emergence of nanotechnology including production of engineered nanoparticles has provided many exciting advancements in science and is likely to provide our society with a continuous range of consumer products with advanced technology applications. For example, use of the inexhaustible propensity of inherent antimicrobial activity for silver nanoparticles has resulted in their widespread application and use in consumer products such as disinfectants, deodorants, antimicrobial sprays and powders, bedding, machine washers, humidifiers, water purification and air filters, toothpaste, shampoo and rinse, reusable bottle nursing nipples, in multiple fabrics, kitchen utensils, and toys. Among the 580 consumer products containing known nanomaterials, the most common material mentioned in product descriptions is silver-based nanoparticles (Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2007). Human exposure likelihood and needed risk exposure analysis to these product-derived nanomaterials are now required for every age level. Further, disposal and degradation of these products and release from engineered sources has an indirect human exposure potential and an environmental impact concern.
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