... serve as an intervention for reducing health inequalities, or whether underlying confounding factors play a pivotal role, is still poorly understood. That the level of attained education is substantially influenced by genetic propensities has been clearly demonstrated, both in twin studies ( Baier...

...Kenneth S Kendler; Astrid Klee Luxenburger twin studies schizophrenia history For the last half of the 20th century, twin research was amongst the most active research areas within psychiatric genetics with an explosion both of informative samples from a growing number of research groups...

.../funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model ) Abstract Background Little is known about the role of DNA methylation (DNAm) epigenetic age acceleration in cognitive decline. Using a twin study design, we examined whether DNAm age acceleration is related to cognitive decline measured longitudinally...

... hyperthyroidism twin studies genetics References 1. Taylor PN , Albrecht D , Scholz A , et al. Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism . Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018 ; 14 ( 5 ): 301 - 316 . 2. Brix TH , Kyvik KO , Christensen K , Hegedüs L...

... and insomnia, implying pleiotropic influences of genes on both traits. insomnia short sleep duration cannabis onset development twin studies Statement of Significance This study strengthens the small collection of research that shows an association of early cannabis use and sleep deficits in young...

... estimates are calculated. Covariance estimation Functional data analysis Heritability Neuroimaging Twin studies It is of great interest to quantify the contribution of genetic effects to brain structure and function, but scientific understanding of such effects is in its infancy ( Chen...

... analysis for agreement in twins; it assumes independence, and twin responses cannot be assumed to be independent.) The International Twin Study comprises a registry of twins with cancer or chronic diseases recruited by means of advertisements placed in newspapers or magazines throughout North America from...

... and an example on prostate cancer in twins is provided for illustration. Cause-specific hazard Clustered Competing risks Gamma frailty Survival analysis Twin studies Nordic Cancer Union for the NorTwinCan consortia Ellison Foundation Write N ijk ( t ) = I ( T ij ≤ t , ϵ ij...

... for Crohn's disease and 4 to 15 for ulcerative colitis. Heritability estimates for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis from pooled twin studies are 0.75 and 0.67, respectively. However, this is at odds with the much lower heritability estimates from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). This “missing...

... showed evidence of heritablity. Early parietal, and perhaps later frontal portions of the P300/LPP complex, may therefore represent promising neurobehavioral markers of genetically influenced processing of emotional information. heritability emotion neural response twin studies There are also marked...

... 2013 Ageing metabolomics epigenetics twin studies developmental origins of health and disease birthweight Human ageing is a multifactorial process influenced by genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors. Genetic variation explains only ∼20–25% of the variability of human survival to the mid...

... antidepressive/antipsychotic pharmacotherapy according to genotype. twin studies family studies linkage studies association studies pharmacogenetics Major depression is a complex-genetic disorder with a 2 to 3-times increased risk of depression in first-degree relatives and a considerable heritability of ~40...

... similarly. In this study, we investigated the effect of age on the genetic component of bone loss in a large twin‐based longitudinal study. During 17 years of follow‐up in TwinsUK and Healthy Ageing Twin Study (HATS), 15,491 hip and lumbar spine dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were performed...

... socioeconomic status (SES), so that low-SES families reinforce the effect of low birthweight and high-SES families fully compensate for it. Findings are particularly relevant in the developing world, where intra-uterine growth restriction is the main determinant of low birthweight. Birthweight twin studies...

... in question. Positive assortative mating would increase the dizygotic but not the monozygotic correlations and thus inflate the estimates of common environmental variance and reduce genetic variance. 28 BONE MINERAL DENSITY FAT MASS LEAN MASS TWIN STUDIES GENETIC CORRELATION The two complex diseases...

... twin studies Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia enterocolitica (YE) infection has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Humoral as well as cellular immunity against YE in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases has been demonstrated [ 1 , 2...

...John B Carlin; Lyle C Gurrin; Jonathan AC Sterne; Ruth Morley; Terry Dwyer 11 7 2005 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association © The Author 2005; all rights reserved. 2005 Abstract Twin studies have long been recognized for their value...

... are age-specific in their effects. cholesterol reproducibility of results twin studies variation genetics Plasma cholesterol concentration is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although other lipids and lipoproteins or their ratios, and some inflammatory markers, may give slightly...

...Maroeska Rovers; Mark Haggard; Mary Gannon; Gesina Koeppen-Schomerus; Robert Plomin otitis media twin studies twins, dizygotic twins, monozygotic MEDS, middle-ear disease scale OME, otitis media with effusion SD, standard deviation TEDS, Twin Early Developmental Study Middle-ear disease...

... and nonsignificant genetic influence on rate of change, which suggests that detection of polymorphisms influencing rate of change in functional abilities among the elderly may prove to be difficult. activities of daily living aging genetics twin studies twins variation (genetics) LSADT, Longitudinal Study...