... medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Motivation Multi-drug resistant or hetero-resistant tuberculosis (TB) hinders the successful treatment of TB. Hetero-resistant TB occurs when multiple strains of the TB-causing bacterium with varying degrees of drug susceptibility...

... studies have assessed life expectancy of patients with tuberculosis (TB) against a comparable background population, particularly in low-income, high-incidence settings. This study aimed to estimate the life expectancy (LE) of patients with TB in the West African country of Guinea-Bissau and compare...

... This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model ( https://dbpia.nl.go.kr/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights ) Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-established risk factor for active tuberculosis (TB...

... a large sample of TB patients, found gender differences in TB clinical presentation defined by affected anatomic site, age-specific risk of TB, and age-specific risk of TB-HIV coinfection. coinfection epidemiology gender HIV tuberculosis TB Correspondence: Z. Yang, PhD, Epidemiology Department...

... tuberculin skin test positivity across medium, high, and very-high alcohol use levels, classified by AUDIT-C scores. In multivariable analysis, very high use was associated with LTBI (adjusted odds ratio 1.61, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–2.50). alcohol HIV tuberculosis (TB) latent TB infection Africa...

.../standard_publication_model ) Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. However, effective means for TB diagnosis, especially for bacillus-negative (Bn) TB laboratory diagnosis, are urgently needed. In the present study, serum IgG from each...

... Publication Model ( https://dbpia.nl.go.kr/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model ) ABSTRACT Background Associations of polymorphisms in interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and IL-10 with tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility were already reported...

... to have been present in their last common ancestor (Errington 2013 ). Importantly, PG is essential for bacterial cell survival in most environments, thus making it a good target for anti-infective therapy. Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of mortality in the world today and is caused by the bacterial...

.... In this study we characterize the spatial distribution of TB in the Amhara Region and profile the sociodemographic characteristics of spatial clusters. Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) notification rates vary across regions in Ethiopia and districts within the Amhara Region. The Amhara Region is one...

...) <0.05  No 99 36 (36) Abstract Background The Mantoux method of tuberculin skin testing has been used in tuberculosis (TB) screening of healthcare workers (HCWs) in the UK National Health Service (NHS) for many years. More recently, there have been problems with the supply of the Mantoux test...

.../standard_publication_model ) Abstract Differences in ethnic backgrounds as well as in medical and socioeconomic status often affect both the efficacy and adverse effects of medications. Recent data suggest an increased risk of opportunistic infections, especially tuberculosis (TB), among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients...

...Oxford University Press Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) may produce pulmonary infection. NTMI is typically an indolent infection except in immunocompromised and HIV infected patients. Imaging plays a crucial role in suggesting NTMI as a possible...

... of these infections, they continue to be a major case of morbidity and mortality in the patient with HIV. These infections can be respiratory in nature and present with cough or shortness of breath: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), tuberculosis (TB), aspergillosis, and coccidioidomycosis. Neurological...

...Oxford University Press This chapter covers two case studies and scenarios: a case of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in a college student; and a case of laboratory-confirmed Mycobacterium bovis in an adult with inflammatory bowel disease. The pulmonary TB case resulted in a wider...

...Oxford University Press Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an obligate aerobe, nonmotile, non-spore-forming bacillus. TB is a major cause of morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. Patients with impaired cellular immunity including...

...” or bidirectional interaction between these two parts of the adrenal gland (Bornstein and Chrousos 1999), both of which are critical components of the stress response. Anxiety Demyelination Endocrinopathies Fatigue Graves disease Heteroplasmy Melanocortins Molecular mimicry Tuberculosis (TB) In 1855...

..., is virtually diagnostic of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). CT is indicated in HIV(+) patients with respiratory symptoms and normal chest radiographs. Suspect tuberculosis (TB) in patients with advanced AIDS and low CD4 counts presenting with consolidation and lymphadenopathy. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) may simulate...