... with the state. Gangs are also closely associated with organized crime and in many instances, street children become involved in these criminal groups. The article illustrates how street children develop their own groups to assist their survival. For these young people gangs provide solidarity, support...

... potential drug rents. This suggests new strategies for countering criminal governance. Organized crime Gangs State building Duopoly Public services Criminal governance Qualitative methods Quasi-experiment Colombia For tens if not hundreds of millions of people worldwide, social order, property...

... of the provincial programs meet all the essential and desirable criteria to be considered organized. With the exception of Nunavut, all provinces and territories have a screening program that meets the CanScreen5 definition of a screening program. British Columbia, Newfoundland, and Quebec do not meet the criteria...

.... An armed conflict between a state and a non-state actor—an OAG in legal terminology—is a non-international armed conflict. A non-international armed conflict occurs when there exists fighting of a certain intensity against an armed group that is sufficiently organized. ⁵⁴...

... the depressing effect of confiscation on house prices is visible in different urban contexts across Italy, the re-allocation policy is found to be particularly effective in increasing the value of housing in cities where mafia organizations are historically rooted. This suggests that a reduction...

...-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com Abstract In this paper, we focus on the moral responsibility of organized groups in light of historicism. Historicism is the view that any morally responsible agent must satisfy certain historical conditions, such as not having been manipulated. We...

... Dijk. Finally, there are special obligations foreseen by the mafia code (D.Lgs. n. 159/2011), which impose municipalities that have been dissolved for organized-crime infiltration to acquire anti-mafia information for any contracts during the five years following the dissolution—a sort of internal...

... theory development to comparative analysis, as well as a robust research design and extensive fieldwork. Readers across academic fields, along with activists and journalists, will benefit from the book’s insights on the effective organization and resistance strategies in the face of crime and insecurity...

... on four types of illegal governance have been pivotal in promoting its capacity to weather adversity, namely: (1) judicial, (2) financial, (3) political and (4) regulatory governance. illegal governance organized crime resilience Sinaloa Cartel Mexico Fonds de recherche du Québec – Société et Culture...

... of internationally dispersed law enforcement professionals would agree to join a single, hierarchally managed policing organization—much less agree to surrender their own criminal intelligence to such an organization. Yet, in order to achieve a 10-fold increase in the number of traffickers put out of business...

... This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model ( https://dbpia.nl.go.kr/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights ) Abstract Aiming to reduce the conceptual ambiguity surrounding the topic of organized crime, this study assesses...

... in the brain. Although considerable progress has been made, a comprehensive picture has yet to emerge, and needs further linking to a mechanistic account of brain function. Here, we review these concepts, connecting observations across different levels of organization, from both a structural and functional...

... of the brain in terms of spatiotemporal relations. Next, phenomenal quality spaces and their Q-structures are discussed. Neurophenomenal structuralism proclaims a homomorphic mapping of the structures of self-organized neural maps in the brain onto Q-structures, and it will be demonstrated how this leads...

... to the complete implementation of the organized trading facility (OTF) as a new category of trading venue under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (Directive 2014/65/EU) (MiFID II). It argues that attempts to reconcile the competing claims of incumbent regulated markets and dealer banks operating...

...Niles Breuer; Federico Varese Second, we consider a financially-focused enterprise run by Cosa Nostra, a governance-type organized crime group, involved in the rigging of public procurement contract auctions, a form of cartel agreement enforcement, from 2003 to 2007. The data set was collected...

...Fariha Shaikh One of the principal means through which Spence leveraged her networks of organized sociability was through her affiliation with the South Australian Institute. It is at a South Australian Institute subscription ball that Spence is ‘pointed out and talked of as the lady who wrote...

.... The meditation states could be discriminated with nonlinear measures and quantified by the degree of neuronal complexity, long-range temporal correlations, and power law distributions in neuronal avalanches. complexity self-organized criticality meditation states of consciousness EEG The calculation...

... Drawing on narrative criminology and sensemaking theory, this paper explores interpretive patterns in an interagency policing collaboration that targets ‘work-related crime’ (WRC). WRC is a policy term denoting organized crime and economic offences (i.e. tax evasion, benefits fraud, labour exploitation...

... recent history ( Corcoran 2012 ). Over the next few days, as the country remained in deep mourning, it emerged that the attack had been ordered as a punishment after the casino refused to pay extortion demands made by the Zetas, a notoriously ruthless organized crime group. After petty theft and robbery...

.... They are as orderly as they can afford to be. Jihad terrorism organized crime civil war Somalia Norwegian Research Council 10.13039/501100005416 Canadian Social Science and Humanities Research Council After a year-long military campaign, in 2017, coalition forces succeeded in expelling the so-called...