...One aspect of the debate about party decline is the question of whether political parties with large individual memberships (so called mass parties) are becoming a relic of the past. Political scientists have advanced both supply‐side and demand‐side arguments about why contemporary parties...

...This chapter traces the ways that ethnic politics evolved in the United States. During the mid-nineteenth century, amid heavy immigration from Europe, ascendant mass parties mobilized newcomers rapidly, spurring nativism. Although the incorporation of immigrants gradually slowed after 1870...

... catch‐all party mass party Neumann Sigmund Weimar Republic Canada Labour UK Social Democrats Germany Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development OECD Belgium Ireland Austria Catholic Centre Party Germany Fianna Fáil Italy Japan Netherlands Radicals France Switzerland World...

... retain vetoes over candidate‐selection and enjoy considerable autonomy in shaping party policy. However, the remains of the classic mass party model are especially evident in the significant number of parties that have congress delegates decide on the question of leadership. In these cases, the influence...

... Rokkan Stein Trade Unions Christian Democracy Duverger Maurice Labour Party Mass party France Industrial relations Class Italy Corporatism First World War Political opposition Crouch Colin Party democracy United Kingdom Kircheimer Otto Austria Consensus Judt Tony Pillarization...

... Partei DKP Germany nationalization of politics Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands SPD legislative research agenda clientelism elections first wave democracies voters votes political parties legislative parties electoral parties mass parties long coalitions cartels spoils system...

...>Democrats Republicans US Fiorina Morris communication electorate government mass media mass parties modernization organizations partisanship party decline V.O.Key The history of modern representative democracy is deeply intertwined with the development of political parties. We started this book...

... parties broadening their social base, this chapter turns to the other aspect in which Interwar mass parties failed to transform into people’s parties: striking difficult compromises with adversaries and taking on government responsibility. This problem was evident in some places, notably Italy, from...

... in the history of democracy. Universal (male) suffrage and responsibility of governments before parliament became the norm. But it was a particular form of democracy which emerged out of the War: party democracy. In contrast to the situation before 1914, the leaders of the confessional and Socialist mass parties...