... them. Abstract ^∞ When created, international criminal tribunals (ICTs) were not only expected to do justice but also to provide stabilization to postconflict regions, contribute to reconciliation and curb the potential denial of atrocities. Based on media content analysis, this article...

...Kristin C. Doughty Abstract ^∞ In this article, I examine the naturalized politics of language in international criminal justice in Africa, based on research conducted during three visits to the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) between 2005 and 2008. Though existing...

... and rarefication that has led both core crimes and the operation of international criminal tribunals to monopolize attention and increasingly be identified with ‘international criminal law’ (ICL). This chapter argues that, in addition to having a weak doctrinal basis, that distinction is theoretically...

... international criminal law international criminal tribunals International Criminal Court internally displaced persons refugees Forced migrants have long been victims of atrocity crimes. In some cases, flight is the response to genocide, war crimes, or crimes against humanity. In others, flight...

.... Clark, J.N. ( 2014 ) International Trials and Reconciliation: Assessing the Impact of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia . New York: Routledge. Clark, P. ( 2018 ) Distant Justice: The Impact of the International Criminal Court on African...

... by subordinates. This chapter describes the present day scope and meaning of command responsibility, which means discussing mainly International Criminal Tribunals for the case law of the Former Yugoslavia, to date the main source of case law on superior responsibility. It discusses superior responsibility...

... rights abuses, and no permanent system to address impunity was put in place. It was only with the Cold War's end that governments turned again to international institutions to address impunity, first by establishing International Criminal Tribunals to prosecute genocide, war crimes, and crimes against...

...This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to speak to some of the controversies that surround modern atrocity trials. It then considers the history of international prosecution and the specificity of international criminal tribunals. A brief overview...

..., at the time when it was committed’. Retroactivity is an issue that has obsessed international criminal justice since its earliest days. At the international criminal tribunals, it has been a source of unceasing controversy. Arguments about retroactive prosecution persist at both the judicial and political...

..., such as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) or the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), or enjoy the status of an international organization (International Criminal Court), putting their judgments into question amounts to challenging the acts of an international organization...

... by discussing the application of customary international law by non-criminal international bodies, such as the ICJ. It then turns to the application of customary international law by international criminal tribunals, particularly in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. It also...

...This chapter focuses on international criminal tribunals. These have emerged as part of a professional field of international criminal law, reshaping how atrocities are handled at the international level. They include the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, the International Criminal...

... in this chapter concentrates on international criminal tribunals because they are the focus of legalism and central to the case studies of this book. Cold War FRY former Yugoslavia and ICTY Germany ICT international criminal tribunal Japan Kuwait and Kuwaitis legalism liberalism Pan Am flight...

...This chapter explains the failures of the international criminal tribunals to address the issues of rape, sexual slavery, and all other forms of sexual violence due to lack of a central definition for the offence, non-codification of the offence, and conflicting rules of law of the criminal...

... at the inadequacy of international humanitarian and criminal law recognized as applicable to non-international armed conflicts, focusing on the case of rape. It considers the establishment of the modern international criminal tribunals at The Hague and Arusha. The chapter also studies the ICTY, the ICTR...

... former African Union AU complementarity qua horizontal cooperation international community peace agreements Special Tribunal for Lebanon STL United Nations Security Council UNSC authority Federal Republic of Yugoslavia International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda ICTR International Criminal...

... for the rigorous ascertainment of customary international law or the legal interpretation of treaty provisions or customary rules. This trend gained traction after the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials and was spearheaded by the ICTY and other international criminal tribunals, such as the STL and the ICC. Although State...

... in the statutes of the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda. It has been laid down in the Statute of the International Criminal Court as well. There is also general consensus on the basic content of the notion: crimes against humanity are those gross violations of human rights...

...This chapter discusses some of the jurisprudence of the international criminal tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda on international and non-international armed conflicts. It begins by focusing on the seminal interlocutory decision of the ICTY Appeals Chamber in the Tadić...