... vs. substantive legitimacy Prague Spring glasnost Solidarity Gdansk Accord Lech Walesa Gorbachev Pope John Paul II dual transition People, your government has returned to you. —Václav Havel, president of Czechoslovakia, 1990 ¹ After the second World War East-Central...

... such as Ronald Reagan, Mikhail Gorbechev, and Pope John Paul II, the book charts the United States' influence on anti-communist opposition groups, particularly Solidarity, the underground movement led by future president Lech Walesa, using archival research and interviews with Polish and American government...

...This chapter introduces the president of the metalworkers’ union of São Bernardo do Campo, whose leadership of strikes catapulted him to national and international ABC as the Brazilian Lech Walesa. After 1980, Lula fostered a militant New Unionism and founded a Workers’ Party in 1980 that became...