...Benjamin Thompson (later Count Rumford), founder of the Royal Institution, designs experiments showing that an ‘inexhaustible’ quantity of heat is generated by friction when cannons are bored with an especially blunt borer. The caloric theory can’t explain this, but Rumford’s work...

... NASA Roemer Ole 1644–1710 Frankenstein Franklin Benjamin 1706–1790 Galvani Luigi 1737–1798 physics classical electromagnetism ether Faraday Michael 1791–1867 Maxwell James Clerk 1831–1879 Thompson Benjamin Count Rumford 1753–1814 Young Thomas 1773–1829 arrow of time Carnot Sadi...

... Rumford, who brought the soup kitchen into the modern age. Count Rumford's commitment to everyday reform generated a new word, “rumfordizing,” which meant improving and refining something in accordance with natural laws. In the 1790s he started to rumfordize the soup kitchen. With Rumford's help, the soup...