
Contents
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Repression as a Strategic Choice Repression as a Strategic Choice
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The Origins of Coercive Institutions in Contemporary Authoritarian Regimes The Origins of Coercive Institutions in Contemporary Authoritarian Regimes
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French and British Colonial Projects in the Middle East French and British Colonial Projects in the Middle East
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Coercion and the Colonial Project Coercion and the Colonial Project
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Inherited Institutions and Post-Colonial Repression Inherited Institutions and Post-Colonial Repression
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Coercive Institutions in Tunisia Coercive Institutions in Tunisia
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Historical Development Historical Development
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Coercive Institutional Path Dependence After Colonialism Coercive Institutional Path Dependence After Colonialism
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Coercive Institutions in Egypt Coercive Institutions in Egypt
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Historical Development Historical Development
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Institutional Path Dependence After Colonialism Institutional Path Dependence After Colonialism
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Conclusion Conclusion
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3 The Historical Origins of Authoritarian Repression
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Published:September 2020
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Abstract
This chapter discusses how authoritarian regimes come to repress their opposition in different ways. It offers evidence for how differences in colonial coercive institutions in the Middle East conditioned coercive institutions in their independent counterparts in the post-colonial period, and thus how this specific type of colonial legacy influences the nature of repression used by the regimes that follow. The chapter then theorizes the colonial origins of coercive institutions, the path dependence of these institutions, and the constraining nature of inherited institutions for leader behavior and the prospects of institutional reform. It considers how the interaction between the centrality of coercion and variation in the nature of colonial projects provides significant explanatory power for the coercive institutions inherited by Middle East political leaders in the mid-twentieth century upon independence, and then lays out a typology of coercive institutions and the nature of state repression. Finally, the chapter traces the historical development of coercive institutions in Egypt and Tunisia to demonstrate institutional continuity and path dependence through independence.
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