Volume 27, Issue 12, December 2022
Commentary
Clinical Trial Diversity in Oncology: FDA Takes Action with Post–Marketing Requirements or Commitments
There is renewed focus on promoting inclusion of patients from racial and ethnic minority groups in oncology clinical trials. This commentary analyzes postmarketing studies racial and ethnic minorities issued by the FDA’s Office of Oncologic Diseases.
Bone Health and Denosumab Discontinuation in Oncology Populations
Managing bone health after denosumab cessation is a commonly encountered challenge. Although the “rebound phenomenon” is generally recognized by endocrinologists in the context of osteoporosis, it is not as widely understood in the context of bone metastases and cancer. This commentary reviews the evidence on the efficacy and safety of various bone health agents in mitigating the “rebound phenomenon” in cancer populations.
Clinical Trial Results
Inhibition of the Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase Pathway Using Bimiralisib in Loss-of-Function NOTCH1-Mutant Head and Neck Cancer
Recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains lethal despite recent advances with immunotherapy, and effective targeted therapies are still needed. This article reports on the efficacy of the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor bimiralisib in patients with NOTCH1-mutant HNSCC.
Phase II Single-Arm Study of Palbociclib and Cetuximab Rechallenge in Patients with KRAS/NRAS/BRAF Wild-Type Colorectal Cancer
Given the pervasiveness and lethality of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), new therapies are urgently needed. This article explores a novel combination therapy to bypass anti-EGFR resistance if the appropriate patient population is selected.
Breast Cancer
Clinical Outcomes of Metastatic Breast Cancer in Patients Having Imaging Liver Pseudocirrhosis with or without Evident Varices
Pseudocirrhosis is an imaging finding for malignancies with liver metastasis with or without clinical liver cirrhosis-related portal hypertension (pHTN). This study defined evident pHTN by the presence of esophageal or gastric varices and compared patients’ outcomes of metastatic breast cancer with imaging-diagnosed pseudocirrhosis with or without varices. Results are reported here.
Evaluation of Seropositivity After Standard Doses of Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients With Early Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Treatment
Although vaccines against COVID-19 are available to patients with cancer, few data are available on their efficacy in patients undergoing active anti-cancer therapies. This study evaluated the serologic responses from standard doses of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with early breast cancer.
Cancer Diagnostics and Molecular Pathology
Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Pelvic and Perineal Region: A Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Study
This study assesses genomic differences among a large series of pelvic squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC) cases to determine whether pSCC could potentially benefit from targeted therapies and/or immunotherapy.
Gastrointestinal Cancer
KRAS Mutation Variants and Co-occurring PI3K Pathway Alterations Impact Survival for Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas
This retrospective analysis of patients with metastatic and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma characterizes prognostic or predictive genomic markers for this patient population, with a focus on KRAS mutational variants and their interaction with concurrent molecular alterations.
The Role of Systemic Therapy in Resectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
The role of perioperative chemotherapy in colorectal cancer liver metastasis is unclear. This review evaluates the efficacy of perioperative systemic therapies for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
Ramucirumab for Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Elevated Alpha Fetoprotein Following Non–Sorafenib Systemic Therapy: An Expansion Cohort of REACH-2
This article reports an open-label, noncomparative cohort of the REACH-2 study, which was initiated to address the data gap that exists on the safety and efficacy of ramucirumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and a baseline AFP ≥400 ng/mL after non-sorafenib-based systemic therapies.
Genitourinary Cancer
Efficacy of Cabozantinib in Metastatic MiT Family Translocation Renal Cell Carcinomas
Microphtalmia transcription factor (MiT) family translocation renal cell carcinoma (TRCC) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Sapanisertib ± TAK-117 vs. Everolimus in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma After VEGF-Targeted Therapy
This article evaluates the efficacy and safety of single-agent sapanisertib, and of sapanisertib plus the PI3Kα inhibitor TAK-117, versus everolimus in patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma that had progressed on or after VEGF-targeted therapy.
Adherence to Oral Treatments in Older Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer, the ADHERE Study: A Prospective Trial of the Meet-URO Network
Adherence to prescribed oral anticancer treatments is underestimated and difficult to measure in oncology and can affect treatment efficacy, safety, and costs, especially in frail and older patients. This article evaluates adherence to abiraterone and enzalutamide in an observational cohort study of older patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
177Lu-PSMA Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Mini-Review of State-of-the-Art
This article presents the most recent data regarding 177Lu-PSMA-radioligand therapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Gynecologic Oncology
An Indirect Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Dostarlimab and Doxorubicin for the Treatment of Advanced and Recurrent Endometrial Cancer
This indirect treatment comparison assessed dostarlimab efficacy and safety compared with doxorubicin in advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer.
Medical Ethics
Physician Perspectives on Reducing Curative Cancer Treatment Intensity for Populations Underrepresented in Clinical Trials
This article explores physicians’ perspectives on extrapolating results to patients underrepresented in cancer clinical trials that test less intense treatment for patients, focusing on breast cancer.
End-of-Life Care and Advanced Directives in Hispanic/Latinx Patients: Challenges and Solutions for the Practicing Oncologist
This review provides the practicing oncologist with the tools to address end-of-life (EOL) care in the Hispanic/Latinx population. The authors encourage oncologists to discuss EOL care and engage family members while practicing cultural humility.
Symptom Management and Supportive Care
Open-Label Placebo for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This article reports on the effects of an open-labeled placebo compared with wait-list control in reducing cancer-related fatigue in patients with advanced cancer using Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F).
Brief Communication
Recurrence of Hypophysitis After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge
This article reports a case of recurrent hypophysitis following immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge for metastatic melanoma.
Real-World Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Success Rates in Tissue and Liquid Prostate Carcinoma Specimens
To assess the success rate of comprehensive genomic profiling for patients with prostate cancer, a real-world cohort that underwent sequencing of prostate tissue samples was analyzed, including a subset of patients with a reflex liquid biopsy.
Perspective
On Being a Stranger in a Foreign Land: Providing Integrative Oncology Therapies to COVID-19 Medical Professionals
This narrative describes an innovative program using integrative medicine therapies to improve the well-being of patients and providers in a hospital’s COVID-19 departments.
Letter to the Editor
Neoadjuvant Dovitinib in Early- and Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
This letter to the editor comments on recently reported results of a phase II study of dovitinib therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
In Reply: Neoadjuvant TKI Study in Early- and Intermediate Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
This letter to the editor responds to comments from Rizzo et al on recently reported results of a phase II study of dovitinib therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.