
Contents
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Black Churches as Foundations of the Black Community Black Churches as Foundations of the Black Community
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Separated, but Unequal: Continued White Control over Black Churches Separated, but Unequal: Continued White Control over Black Churches
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New York’s Middle-Class Black Men Enter the Public Sphere New York’s Middle-Class Black Men Enter the Public Sphere
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White Attacks on Black Masculinity White Attacks on Black Masculinity
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Quiet Strength: Women in the Black Church Quiet Strength: Women in the Black Church
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Conclusions Conclusions
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5 Gendering Race in the Church: Black Male Benevolence, 1800–1820
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Published:October 2014
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Abstract
This chapter explains the intersections of gender with race in church life. In the larger society, slavery, poverty, and menial status meant that black men risked being labeled feminine and without power. Thus in the black churches men, not women, took primary place, mimicking the white church's example in an exaggerated form. Black women, however, remained numerous in the churches, and supported their leaders through the emergence of auxiliary benevolent societies and in quiet, obedient forms of piety, similar to most white women. Just as white women gained a place in the public sphere through benevolence, so did black men in public processions and benevolent societies. These black men used a universal language of unity, which mirrored colonial-era church language, but like those earlier forms masked the strongly middle-class and masculine identities of the actors.
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