... Petrograd First World War 1916 Central Asian Revolt Soviet Historiography Post-Soviet Historiography New Approaches The First World War was the inaugural catastrophe of the “short twentieth century”, with at least nineteen million civilian and military deaths, some directly as a result of industrial...

... refugees women Germans Ottoman Chinese border Dungan Gelaohui Jizzakh Kashgar manap opium Pishpek Przheval’sk Qing Chinese Empire Soltonoev Belek Toqmaq Ürkün Xinjiang Bukhara Khiva Khivan Okhrana Pasha Enver pasture Bughu Lykoshin N S Sarybaghysh 1916 Central Asian Revolt Labour...