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Elizabeth J. McFarland, William Borkowsky, Terry Fenton, Diane Wara, James McNamara, Pearl Samson, Minhee Kang, Lynne Mofenson, Coleen Cunningham, Anne-Marie Duliege, Faruk Sinangil, Stephen A. Spector, Eleanor Jimenez, Yvonne Bryson, Sandra Burchett, Lisa M. Frenkel, Ram Yogev, Francis Gigliotti, Katherine Luzuriaga, AIDS Clinical Trials Group 230 Collaborators, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) gp120–Specific Antibodies in Neonates Receiving an HIV-1 Recombinant gp120 Vaccine, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 184, Issue 10, 15 November 2001, Pages 1331–1335, https://doi.org/10.1086/323994
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Abstract
Infants born to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected mothers were immunized at birth and at ages 4, 12, and 20 weeks with low-, medium-, or high-dose recombinant gp120 vaccine with MF59 adjuvant (HIV-1SF-2; n=52) or with MF59 alone as a placebo (n=9). An accelerated schedule (birth and ages 2, 8, and 20 weeks) was used for an additional 10 infants receiving the defined optimal dose and for 3 infants receiving placebo. At 24 weeks, anti-gp120 ELISA titers were greater for vaccine-immunized than for placebo-immunized infants on both schedules, and 87% of vaccinees had a vaccine-induced antibody response. At 12 weeks, antibody titers of infants on the accelerated vaccine schedule exceeded those of infants receiving placebo (4949 vs. 551; P=.01), and 63% of the vaccinees met the response criteria. Thus, an accelerated schedule of gp120 vaccinations generated an antibody response to HIV-1 envelope distinct from transplacental maternal antibody by age 12 weeks. These results provide support for further studies of vaccine strategies to prevent mother-to-infant HIV-1 transmission