First published online: 24 August 2018, Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47: 1366–71, doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy179

There was a reference citation error in Table 1 on page 1369 of this article. The table title incorrectly cited reference 42; it should cite reference 43, by Pearce. The article has been corrected.

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