... corpus of archaeological data documents long-term processes such as the relatively early neolithicization of the Mediterranean basin and the diverse trajectories of social organization that followed it. Moreover, the Mediterranean is insular and coastal (Figure 3.1 ). The study of human behavior...

... to be that of a child between three and four years old, is unlikely to be a biological ancestor and provides a comparative example for recent work in the Neolithic Near East. However, slain enemies, and thus “outsiders,” could be considered ancestors and thus potentially become “insiders” by contributing symbolically...

... Group Dates N Tooth Ablation Patterns ^a References/Notes Taiwan Tainan Nankuanli East 南關里東 Early Neolithic ca. 5000 BP 23 RC, RI2 | LI2, LC (20/23, 87%) this study RI2 | LI2 (1/23, 4.3%) Pingtung Kenting Niuchoutzu/Neolithic...

...Table 11.1. Summary of dental modification throughout prehistoric Southeast Asia Site Location Period Dental modification Tam Hang ^a Northern Laos Late Pleistocene Ablation Pha Phen ^b Northeast Laos Neolithic None Man Bac...

...Çatalhöyük is most well known for its Neolithic settlement, but the site also served as a cemetery during the Bronze Age, as well as the Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic periods. During the Neolithic, Çatalhöyük is distinctive as a place for both the living and the dead, but thereafter the site...

...This chapter presents a summary of the long-term process of animal domestication in Southwest Asia from big game hunting in the Epipaleolithic to predomestic management in the earliest Neolithic to a Pastoral Revolution in the later Neolithic. Rather than focusing on factors such as resource...

...In the Paleolithic to Neolithic transition of Taiwan, current evidence indicates that farmer-gardeners from China’s southeast coast immigrated beginning about 6,000 BP. They brought a diverse subsistence of cultivation, foraging, and fishing that would have influenced habitat choice...

...The Neolithic arrived and spread along Western Iberia between 5500 and 5000 BC, giving rise to megalith building around 4000 BC. Nonetheless, the exploitation of marine/estuarine resources occurred in certain regions side by side with farming economies and the circulation of exogeneous goods...

...Research into shellfish consumption on Danish shell midden sites demonstrates a clear species change around the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition, a time when people began to adopt farming practices for the first time. In addition, there is a very visible decline in the size of oyster shells through...

... 1800s and early 1900s as Neolithic First, meaning that no people occupied the Americas in the Pleistocene. A second paradigm, known as Clovis First, dominated academic conversations until the early twenty-first century. Now in a transformative time, we approach a paradigm based on the idea...

...This introductory chapter discusses a wide variety of biological and cultural manipulations involving human heads and skulls recovered from archaeological and ethnographic contexts around the globe, notably, as they relate to early Neolithic modeled skulls from the Middle East. As a biological...

..., more-processed diet associated with Neolithic food production. This transition from gathering to food-producing technologies, seen in the correlation between facial reduction and food production, is consistent in other populations beyond the Nile Valley. Issues concerning...

... Noen U Loke Jiangzhai Peiligang culture subsistence during the tuber consumption Jiahu Inuit Streptococcus mutans He Jianing Central Plains Neolithic dental wear oral health tooth ablation Human teeth are routinely exposed to and affected by a wide range of substances, including water...

... of the circum-Caribbean. It seeks to facilitate an understanding of the many overlapping (often bewildering) categorizations and terminologies that have been used to classify different indigenous groups, including Palaeolithic and Neolithic levels of development; and Casimiroid, Ostionoid and related...

... century. The chapter reviews the ways in which archaeologists have identified and studied ancient ancestors in China and Europe, and discusses Whitley’s charge that there are “too many ancestors” in the British Neolithic. Finally, the chapter outlines the kinds of archaeological evidence that have been...

...Domuztepe is a large Late Neolithic site situated in south central Turkey that dates to 5800 and 5450 cal BC. The burial record from these levels includes several complete and fractional interments, as well as a short term pit deposition (F143, aka the “Death Pit”) comprising over 9000 human...

...Across the Near East, major changes in the commemoration of death and the formation of identity amongst the living took place at the beginning of the Neolithic. However, these investigations have largely focused on a narrow geographic expanse, including the Levant and Egypt, where processes...

...Table 6.1. Dogs and other fauna at Near Eastern Neolithic sites Region Site Period Wild Domestic Ungulates Domestic Caprine Canis sp. Dog Dog/Canis sp. Source   Upper Mesopotamia Körtik Tepe PPNA 212 0 0 1 - 1 Arbuckle and Özkaya 2006...