
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Protestant Variety and Catholic Coherence Protestant Variety and Catholic Coherence
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The Orange State? The Orange State?
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Presbyterian Ambivalence Continued Presbyterian Ambivalence Continued
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The Challenge of Protestant ‘Independents’ The Challenge of Protestant ‘Independents’
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Paisley and the Crisis of the Late 1960s Paisley and the Crisis of the Late 1960s
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Conclusion: A Protestant State? Conclusion: A Protestant State?
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References References
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Suggested Reading Suggested Reading
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10 Northern Ireland: A Protestant State?
Get accessGraham Walker is Emeritus Professor of Political History at Queen’s University Belfast. He has published widely on the politics and culture of Northern Ireland. Among his books are Intimate Strangers: Political and Cultural Interaction Between Scotland and Ulster in Modern Times (1995), and A History of the Ulster Unionist Party: Protest, Pragmatism, and Pessimism (2004).
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Published:22 February 2024
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Abstract
The term ‘Protestant State’ is routinely applied to Northern Ireland in the 1921–68 period. This is largely on account of both a statement to this effect made by Northern Ireland’s Prime Minister, James Craig, in 1934; and of the power balance between the Unionist (overwhelmingly Protestant) and Nationalist (overwhelmingly Catholic) communities and the accompanying issues of discrimination and disadvantage. However, this chapter contends that the ‘Protestant State’ characterization can also conceal the extent to which there were significant intra-Protestant divisions: between different denominations; between social classes; between Orangeism and less tribal Protestant outlooks. The chapter also considers how sensitive issues such as education and temperance could create political difficulties for the Ulster Unionist Party, and exacerbate tensions between Protestants of different denominations and outlooks.
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