
Contents
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1 From Problematic Laggard to Star of the South? The Comparative Significance of the Portuguese Case
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22.1 Introduction 22.1 Introduction
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22.2 Elite Selection 22.2 Elite Selection
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22.3 Elite Profile 22.3 Elite Profile
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22.3.1 Prime Ministers 22.3.1 Prime Ministers
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22.3.2 Ministers and Junior Ministers 22.3.2 Ministers and Junior Ministers
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22.4 Backgrounds of Politicians versus Experts 22.4 Backgrounds of Politicians versus Experts
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22.5 Conclusion 22.5 Conclusion
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References References
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22 The Executive Political Elite
Get accessPedro Tavares de Almeida is Professor at FCSH-UNL, Portugal
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Published:20 October 2022
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Abstract
The regime change in Portugal in 1974, from a right-wing dictatorship to democracy, implied a drastic reconfiguration of the Portuguese political system and the emergence of a new ruling elite. This chapter focuses on the recruitment of top decision-makers, the political executive elite (prime ministers, and senior and junior ministers), surveying and discussing the empirical evidence available from 1976 until 2019 on their sociodemographic characteristics and career pathways. Overall, the ministerial personnel are predominantly male, middle-aged, university educated, and drawn from a limited array of occupations (professors, managers, lawyers, and senior civil servants). A few, but significant, background differences uncover the varied profile of two main types of executive appointees: politicians, who have a partisan and parliamentary apprenticeship, and experts, who are selected for their specialized competences and skills. The causes and implications of the high numbers of these ‘outsiders’ in executive positions, a distinctive and persistent trait in Portuguese democracy, will be assessed here.
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