
Contents
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Cultural Change Individualism Cultural Change Individualism
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Self-Esteem and Narcissism Self-Esteem and Narcissism
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Well-Being and Emotions Well-Being and Emotions
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Social Capital and Gender Equality Social Capital and Gender Equality
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Relationship With the Natural World Relationship With the Natural World
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Preference for Complexity Preference for Complexity
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Intelligence Intelligence
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Life History Strategies Life History Strategies
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Why Do Cultures Change? Why Do Cultures Change?
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Modernization Theories Modernization Theories
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Ecological Theories Ecological Theories
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How Have/Will Our Brains Change? How Have/Will Our Brains Change?
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Changes in Fusiform Face Area Volume Changes in Fusiform Face Area Volume
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Changes in Hippocampal Volume Changes in Hippocampal Volume
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Changes in Amygdala Reactivity Changes in Amygdala Reactivity
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Implications for Mental Health Implications for Mental Health
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How Can We Study Cultural Change at the Neural Level? How Can We Study Cultural Change at the Neural Level?
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Sampling Sampling
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Comparisons Across Scanners/Testing Sites Comparisons Across Scanners/Testing Sites
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Measuring Putative Exogenous Causes Measuring Putative Exogenous Causes
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Common Issues in Time-Series Research Common Issues in Time-Series Research
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Controlling for Alternative Explanations and Forecasting the Future Controlling for Alternative Explanations and Forecasting the Future
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Summary and Conclusion Summary and Conclusion
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References References
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19 Cultural Changes in Neural Structure and Function
Get accessMichael E. W. Varnum, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
Ryan S. Hampton, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Published:18 March 2022
Cite
Abstract
Human cultures are not static. An emerging body of research has documented cultural changes in a wide variety of behaviors, psychological tendencies, and cultural products. Increasingly, this field has also begun to test hypotheses regarding the causes of these changes and to create forecasts for future patterns of change. Yet to date, the question of how our brains may change as a function of systematic changes in our environments has received relatively little attention and scant empirical testing. This chapter begins by reviewing the literature on cultural change, including Varnum and Grossmann’s program of research using a behavioral ecology framework to understand patterns of cultural change. Next the chapter offers some initial predictions for changes in neural structure and function that may occur in the coming decades and discusses implications for global mental health. Finally, the chapter offers some ideas about how empirical tests of these predictions might be conducted and discusses challenges and opportunities for extending the study of cultural change to neuroscience.
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