
Contents
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Historical Context Historical Context
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Motivations for Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Driving Protest Motivations for Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Driving Protest
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Processes of Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Collective Action Processes of Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Collective Action
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Escalation of Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Militarization and Radicalization Escalation of Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Militarization and Radicalization
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Transformation of Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Consolidating the Conflict as War Transformation of Mobilization: The Role of Religion in Consolidating the Conflict as War
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Conclusion Conclusion
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References References
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28 Islamically Framed Mobilization in Tunisia Ansar al-Sharia in the Aftermath of the Arab Uprisings
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25 Religion and Mobilization in the Syrian Uprising and War
Get accessWendy Pearlman, Northwestern University
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Published:08 October 2020
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Abstract
What role does religion play in mobilization in general, and in mobilization in conflict settings in particular? This chapter explores these questions through a case study of the Syrian uprising and war. Using published sources and original interviews, the author traces the role of religion and sect in Syria’s pre-2011 politics and then in successive stages of the subsequent conflict. She examines the role of religion in the motivations driving protest, the processes generating collective action, the militarization of mobilization, and the transformation of an uprising into war. It is argued that, while religion came to occupy an increasingly prominent place in mobilization over time, its role in the Syrian conflict has been less attributable to religion per se than to the ways religion is entwined with power, privilege, and the dynamics of violence itself. Where religion sometimes appeared significant, such as in the tendency of demonstrations to begin at mosques, the power of religion lay not in piety but in structural constraints. Though religion and sect became increasingly salient as the conflict escalated, this was primarily due to state repression and strategies of divide and conquer, and nothing particular to Islam. Scrutiny of the Syrian experience encourages us to critique assumptions about the distinctiveness of religion in driving protest and conflict in majority-Muslim societies, and instead to examine such mobilization using the same conceptual tools employed in cases of conflict across time and space.
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