
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Environmental Context Environmental Context
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Socio-Economic Context Socio-Economic Context
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The Colonial (ad 750–950) and Sedentary (ad 950–1150) Periods The Colonial (ad 750–950) and Sedentary (ad 950–1150) Periods
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Transition to the Classic Period (ad 1150–1450) Transition to the Classic Period (ad 1150–1450)
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The Late Classic Period and Hohokam ‘Collapse’ The Late Classic Period and Hohokam ‘Collapse’
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Hohokam Hunting Intensification Hohokam Hunting Intensification
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Landscape Use and Variability in Hunting Intensification Landscape Use and Variability in Hunting Intensification
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Large Game Use Large Game Use
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Small Game Use Small Game Use
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Conclusions Conclusions
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References References
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33 Fauna and the emergence of intensive agricultural economies in the United States Southwest
Get accessRebecca M. Dean (University of Minnesota, Morris) has a research focus on early agricultural societies, their impacts on local environments, and the integration of hunting in domestic economies. She has published on her work in the southwestern deserts of the United States, as well as on the earliest farming societies in the coastal areas of southern Portugal and Southwest Asia.
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Published:05 April 2017
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Abstract
The Hohokam of Arizona, USA, created one of the most intensive agricultural systems in North America. Their hunting economy intensified along with the agricultural system, but intensification (measured through the diversification of hunting strategies) was mitigated by a variety of processes, not all of which are easily understood by traditional methods of measuring intensification, such as diet breadth models. Hunting intensification was limited by constraints placed on hunters due to agricultural labour needs, and affected by changes in local landscapes for agricultural purposes. The hunting behaviour of the Hohokam cannot be understood solely in its own terms, as a product of optimal decision-making based on the availability of prey in the landscape at large. Rather, decisions were contextualized within the constraints of the social and labour organization of the agricultural system, and were contingent on the changes that had been made to that landscape as a result of agricultural demands.
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