
Contents
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Persecution Persecution
-
Imprisonments and death Imprisonments and death
-
Reaction to persecution Reaction to persecution
-
Missionaries and meetings in Europe, the Caribbean, and North America Missionaries and meetings in Europe, the Caribbean, and North America
-
‘Gospel order’: organization ‘Gospel order’: organization
-
Centralization and schism Centralization and schism
-
William penn, politics, and the granting of pennsylvania William penn, politics, and the granting of pennsylvania
-
Business networks Business networks
-
Doctrinal literature Doctrinal literature
-
Towards toleration Towards toleration
-
The keithian controversy and the death of the first generation The keithian controversy and the death of the first generation
-
Post-toleration Post-toleration
-
Suggested further reading Suggested further reading
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2 Restoration Quakerism, 1660–1691
Get accessRichard C. Allen is Reader in History at Newport University, Wales. He has published widely on Quakerism, migration and identity. His most recent works are Quaker Communities in Early Modern Wales (University of Wales Press, 2007) and the co-edited Irelands of the Mind (Cambridge Scholars, 2008); Faith of our Fathers: popular culture and belief in post-Reformation England, Ireland and Wales (Cambridge Scholars, 2009); and The Religious History of Wales: a survey of religious life and practice from the seventeenth century to the present day (Welsh Academic Press, 2012). He is currently writing Welsh Quaker Emigrants and Colonial Pennsylvania, and co-authoring, Quaker Networks and Moral Reform in the North East of England.
-
Published:16 December 2013
Cite
Abstract
The three decades after the Restoration of the monarchy proved to be years of considerable persecution for Quakers as the penal code was brutally enforced. Controversy and schism would also impact upon their meetings. This chapter provides a context for a better understanding of how Friends, individually and collectively, reacted to the dual challenges of persecution and internal conflict. Tighter organizational structures and Quaker engagement in politics and economics were key elements in the period. In addition, there were hierarchical changes, a greater interest in developing missionary work, international networks, and, for some, the potential renewal offered by emigration. Attention is paid to Foxian centralization and subsequent divisions among Friends, the role of other leading Friends, particularly William Penn and the establishment of Pennsylvania, and how Friends gradually achieved some accommodation with the state.
Sign in
Personal account
- Sign in with email/username & password
- Get email alerts
- Save searches
- Purchase content
- Activate your purchase/trial code
- Add your ORCID iD
Purchase
Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions.
Purchasing informationMonth: | Total Views: |
---|---|
October 2022 | 12 |
December 2022 | 5 |
January 2023 | 5 |
February 2023 | 4 |
March 2023 | 6 |
April 2023 | 4 |
May 2023 | 1 |
June 2023 | 2 |
July 2023 | 7 |
August 2023 | 7 |
September 2023 | 8 |
October 2023 | 7 |
November 2023 | 4 |
December 2023 | 6 |
January 2024 | 7 |
February 2024 | 3 |
March 2024 | 6 |
April 2024 | 9 |
May 2024 | 6 |
June 2024 | 1 |
July 2024 | 6 |
August 2024 | 9 |
September 2024 | 4 |
October 2024 | 3 |
November 2024 | 4 |
January 2025 | 5 |
March 2025 | 5 |
May 2025 | 1 |
Get help with access
Institutional access
Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:
IP based access
Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.
Sign in through your institution
Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.
If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.
Sign in with a library card
Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.
Society Members
Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:
Sign in through society site
Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:
If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.
Sign in using a personal account
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.
Personal account
A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.
Viewing your signed in accounts
Click the account icon in the top right to:
Signed in but can't access content
Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.
Institutional account management
For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.