
Contents
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Demography Demography
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Economy Economy
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Agriculture Agriculture
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Industry and Trade Industry and Trade
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Notes Notes
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Selected Reading Selected Reading
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1 Economic and Demographic Developments
Get accessSilvia Marzagalli is Professor of (early) Modern History at the University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis and Director of the Centre for the Modern and Contemporary Mediterranean. Specializing in the history of early modern seaborne commerce, in 1999 she published Les Boulevards de la fraude: Le Négoce maritime et le blocus continental, 1806–1813. Her most recent work (in collaboration with Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire) is Atlas de la Révolution française: Circulation des hommes et des idées, 1770–1804 (2010).
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Published:01 July 2014
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Abstract
The reassessment of the driving forces leading to the French Revolution provoked the rejection of the traditional Marxist interpretation according to which the Revolution was led by an emerging capitalistic bourgeoisie strengthened by long-term industrial and trade growth, and the emergence of interpretations based on political and ideological developments. This chapter argues that demography and economy still offer important keys to understand the origins of the Revolution if they are embedded within a broader analysis, taking social, cultural, and political aspects into account. In stressing the escalation of social tensions provoked by an unequal redistribution of resources, analysis of the demographic and economic developments highlight the background against which the convergence of political and short-term subsistence crises pushed rural and urban masses to revolt in 1789. Without their actions, the political revolution led by a majority of the representatives who met at the Estates-General in 1789 would have been repressed.
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