
Contents
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The Nature of the Method and Its Precursors The Nature of the Method and Its Precursors
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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TMS Coils TMS Coils
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Quantifying the E-field Quantifying the E-field
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TMS Dose TMS Dose
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Interaction of TMS with the Brain Interaction of TMS with the Brain
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Delivery of TMS: Image-Guided TMS Delivery of TMS: Image-Guided TMS
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Mapping the Motor and Language-Specific Cortex with TMS Mapping the Motor and Language-Specific Cortex with TMS
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Motor Mapping with TMS Motor Mapping with TMS
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Motor Mapping in Healthy Children and Adults Motor Mapping in Healthy Children and Adults
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Clinical Applications of Motor Mapping Clinical Applications of Motor Mapping
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Language Mapping with TMS Language Mapping with TMS
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Clinical Applications of Language Mapping Clinical Applications of Language Mapping
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Advantage of TMS over Other Modalities Used in Motor and Language Mapping Advantage of TMS over Other Modalities Used in Motor and Language Mapping
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Other Applications of TMS Other Applications of TMS
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Motor Mapping in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders Motor Mapping in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
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TMS Safety TMS Safety
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Conclusion Conclusion
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References References
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7 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Get accessShalini Narayana, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN
Felipe Salinas is Instructor at Research Imaging Institute, UTHSCSA
Frederick A. Boop, Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center
James W. Wheless, Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Andrew C. Papanicolaou is Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Neurosciences, and Department of anatomy and neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN.
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Published:03 November 2014
Cite
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used to study cortical function by applying localized magnetic fields in a noninvasive manner. This chapter reviews the basic principles of TMS, including the stimulator unit, coils, and the interaction of TMS-induced electric field with the cortex. The advantages of TMS over invasive brain mapping techniques are highlighted. Improvements in the spatial accuracy of TMS are described in the context of image-guided TMS. Types of responses induced by motor cortex stimulation and their utility in mapping normal and diseased motor cortex are discussed. Language mapping with TMS takes advantage of the TMS-induced transient disruption of function, also termed “virtual lesion.” The authors provide examples of successful application of TMS in presurgical mapping of the motor and language areas in the brain. Emerging applications of TMS in the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders and safety of TMS are also discussed.
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