
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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The Problem of the Sources The Problem of the Sources
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Rapprochement between Religion and Politics and Universalist Vision Rapprochement between Religion and Politics and Universalist Vision
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Autonomous Religious Communities Autonomous Religious Communities
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The Qur’ān and Late Antique Piety The Qur’ān and Late Antique Piety
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Holy Persons and Holy Places Holy Persons and Holy Places
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Apocalypticism Apocalypticism
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Greek Thought Greek Thought
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A Solution: Late Antique Arabia? A Solution: Late Antique Arabia?
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Notes Notes
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Works Cited Works Cited
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32 Early Islam as a Late Antique Religion
Get accessRobert Hoyland is Professor of Early Islamic History at the Oriental Institute and St Cross College, Oxford University
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Published:21 November 2012
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Abstract
This article explores the characteristics of early Islam in Late Antiquity. Two approaches have emerged to conceptualize the rise and formation of Islam—either as a child of Late Antiquity, conceived and nourished wholly by the late antique world; or as a force that was formed outside the late antique world (in Arabia) from outside (Arabian) ingredients and only entered that world once it was fairly well developed and so was only marginally influenced by it. The latter view, the "out of Arabia" approach, is the traditional Muslim one and it is accepted by most Western scholars. However, the former view, the "born of Late Antiquity" approach, is gaining support, particularly among late antique historians, since it widens the scope of their field to include a new geographical region, a new religious phenomenon, and a longer span of time.
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