
Contents
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Assured Access to Space Assured Access to Space
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The Dilemma of Dual-Use Technology: Militarization versus Weaponization The Dilemma of Dual-Use Technology: Militarization versus Weaponization
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Responding to a Congested, Contested, and Competitive Space Environment Responding to a Congested, Contested, and Competitive Space Environment
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Approaches to Space Security Approaches to Space Security
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High Ground School High Ground School
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Space Control School Space Control School
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Arms Control School Arms Control School
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Sanctuary School Sanctuary School
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Space Deterrence Space Deterrence
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Conclusions Conclusions
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Notes Notes
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23 Space and National Security
Get accessJoan Johnson-Freese is a professor in and former Chair of the National Security Affairs Department at the Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island. Prior to coming to Newport in 2002, she was at the Asia Pacific Center for Security Studies in Honolulu, Hawaii, the Air War College in Montgomery, Alabama, and the University of Central Florida in Orlando. Her research areas include space security, focusing especially on the Chinese space program, women’s issues, and professional military education. She is the author of ten books and numerous articles, has testified before Congress on space issues on multiple occasions, and is a frequent media consultant. Her latest book is Space Warfare in the 21st Century: Arming the Heavens.
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Published:11 January 2018
Cite
Abstract
Space assets have provided the U.S. military a demonstrable edge against adversaries since the 1990–1991 Gulf War. Most space technology is dual-use, meaning it has both civil and military applications; this creates an ambiguity to know whether military applications are intended as offensive or defensive. This chapter examines four schools of thought on how to preserve U.S. space dominance, and what that realistically means, discussed within the context of issues related to dual-use technology, sustaining the space environment, and international law within which the schools have developed. The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 celebrated its fifty-year anniversary in 2017, making those legal considerations especially appropriate. Whether further legal, even ‘soft law” approaches to optimizing the U.S. use of space, or whether preparing for what some consider “inevitable” space war should prevail in guiding future U.S. space security policy is the question planners and analysts must address.
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