
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Dieting: Definition and Descriptive Statistics Dieting: Definition and Descriptive Statistics
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Theoretical Mechanisms for the Effects of Dieting on Eating Pathology Theoretical Mechanisms for the Effects of Dieting on Eating Pathology
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Empirical Tests of the Dieting Theory of Eating Pathology Empirical Tests of the Dieting Theory of Eating Pathology
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Prospective Studies of the Relation of Dieting to Future Eating Pathology Prospective Studies of the Relation of Dieting to Future Eating Pathology
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Experimental Studies of the Relation of Short-Term Caloric Restriction to Laboratory-Based Eating Experimental Studies of the Relation of Short-Term Caloric Restriction to Laboratory-Based Eating
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Experimental Studies of the Relation of Longer-Term Dieting to Eating Disorder Symptoms Experimental Studies of the Relation of Longer-Term Dieting to Eating Disorder Symptoms
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Animal Studies of the Effects of Caloric Deprivation on Caloric Intake Animal Studies of the Effects of Caloric Deprivation on Caloric Intake
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Incompatible Findings Incompatible Findings
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Prospective Studies Are More Vulnerable to Confounding Variables Than Experiments Prospective Studies Are More Vulnerable to Confounding Variables Than Experiments
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Dietary Restriction Interventions May Be Unrepresentative of Real-World Dieting Dietary Restriction Interventions May Be Unrepresentative of Real-World Dieting
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Researchers May Have Used Invalid Measures of Dietary Restraint Researchers May Have Used Invalid Measures of Dietary Restraint
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Only Certain Dietary Behaviors Increase Risk for Bulimic Pathology Only Certain Dietary Behaviors Increase Risk for Bulimic Pathology
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Reductions in Bulimic Symptoms in Experimental Trials Are Due to Demand Characteristics Reductions in Bulimic Symptoms in Experimental Trials Are Due to Demand Characteristics
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Implications Regarding Possible Explanations for the Inconsistent Findings Implications Regarding Possible Explanations for the Inconsistent Findings
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Origins of a Chronic Tendency Toward Overconsumption Origins of a Chronic Tendency Toward Overconsumption
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Greater Consummatory Food Reward Greater Consummatory Food Reward
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Greater Anticipatory Food Reward Greater Anticipatory Food Reward
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Greater Impulsivity Greater Impulsivity
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Summary of the Review of Possible Explanations for the Inconsistent Findings Summary of the Review of Possible Explanations for the Inconsistent Findings
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Future Directions Future Directions
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References References
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7 Dieting and the Eating Disorders
Get accessEric Stice Oregon Research Institute Eugene, OR
Heather Shaw Oregon Research Institute Eugene, OR
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Published:10 May 2017
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Abstract
This chapter reviews theories and empirical evidence linking dietary restraint to eating pathology. Prospective studies suggest that dieting increases risk for future onset of bulimic pathology, yet experiments indicate that assignment to weight loss and weight maintenance diets reduces eating disorder symptoms. The chapter considers explanations for these inconsistent findings. The analysis suggests that dieting is not a causal risk factor for bulimic pathology but may be a proxy risk factor. It posits that a tendency toward overeating may lead to both dieting and eating pathology. Nonetheless, fasting does increase the reward value of food and appears to increase the likelihood of binge eating, suggesting that eating disorder treatments should promote consuming three healthy meals daily. The chapter proposes studies that should help differentiate dieting behaviors that can be used for healthy weight management versus dieting behaviors that increase risk for eating pathology.
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