
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Theoretical and Methodological Issues Theoretical and Methodological Issues
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Characterization of Emotions and Behavior Characterization of Emotions and Behavior
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Characterizing Emotions Characterizing Emotions
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Characterizing Posture, Movement, and Gesture Characterizing Posture, Movement, and Gesture
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Posture Posture
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Movement Movement
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Gesture Gesture
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Combining Posture, Movement, and Gesture Combining Posture, Movement, and Gesture
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Individual Differences in Encoding Individual Differences in Encoding
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Isolating the Encoding and Decoding of Emotion in Bodily Expression Isolating the Encoding and Decoding of Emotion in Bodily Expression
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Studies of the Expressive Elements of Posture and Gesture Studies of the Expressive Elements of Posture and Gesture
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Expressing Emotion Through Static Posture Expressing Emotion Through Static Posture
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Expressing Emotion Through Movement Expressing Emotion Through Movement
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Expressing Emotion Through Specific Gestures Expressing Emotion Through Specific Gestures
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Expressing Emotion Through Multimodal Combinations Expressing Emotion Through Multimodal Combinations
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Computational Models for Generating Emotionally Expressive Movement Computational Models for Generating Emotionally Expressive Movement
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Expressive Realization of Nonverbal Behaviors Expressive Realization of Nonverbal Behaviors
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Influence of the Emotional State on the Quality of Movement Influence of the Emotional State on the Quality of Movement
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Influence of the Mental State on the Quality of Movement Influence of the Mental State on the Quality of Movement
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Influence of the Quality of Movement on the Meaning of Gesture Influence of the Quality of Movement on the Meaning of Gesture
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Expressive Selection of Nonverbal Behaviors Expressive Selection of Nonverbal Behaviors
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Combining Expressive Selection and Expressive Realization Combining Expressive Selection and Expressive Realization
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Discussion Discussion
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Notes Notes
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References References
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19 Expressing Emotion Through Posture and Gesture
Get accessMargaux Lhommet, USC Institute for Creative Technologies
Stacy C. Marsella, USC Institute for Creative Technologies
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Published:01 July 2014
Cite
Abstract
This chapter is from the forthcoming The Oxford Handbook of Affective Computing edited by Rafael Calvo, Sidney K. D'Mello, Jonathan Gratch, and Arvid Kappas. This chapter addresses the bodily expression of emotion, specifically, how people communicate emotion through body posture and gesture and how they make inferences about someone else’s emotional state based on perceived posture and gesture. A range of empirical, methodological, and theoretical issues are identified that arise in studying the bodily expression of emotion. Then, an overview of some of the key psychological studies of the expressive elements of posture and gesture is presented. The last section describes computational models of bodily expression that have been designed for embodied conversational agents (ECAs). ECAs are animated virtual humans capable of social interaction with people through dialogue and nonverbal behaviors, using the same modalities such as voice, facial expression, postural shifts, and gestures that people use in face-to-face interaction.
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