...This concluding chapter details how Muhammad Iqbal aimed to re-establish Muslim dignity under the British Raj. Iqbal diagnosed a wound within the modern Muslim soul, caused by two injuries — first, a paternalistic colonialism justified through particular socio-political, philosophical...

...The introduction provides an outline of the book, its scope, theoretical framework and methodological approaches. A review of the current state of research on Muslims in Ireland is provided and reasons for the dearth of scholarship on this Muslim presence explored. Central to the introduction...

...This chapter reports a descriptive overview of the historical trajectories and demographic characteristics of the British Muslim population, drawing on 2001 Census data and the findings of sample surveys. It also provides a critical review of the literature on Islam and space. It then addresses...

...This chapter describes the quantitative evidence concerning British Muslims' employment and the types of explanation that are advanced for the differential success of distinct ethnic minority groups. The quantitative studies indicate that there is some form of ‘Islamic penalty’. From the research...

... of the mosque built to protect the muezzin and reached by a ladder or staircase. The construction and use of such shelters continued well into the twentieth century in isolated areas of the Muslim world, where they were known as ‘staircase minarets’. ʿAbdallah b Zayd adhan call to prayer Bilal fire signals...

... Ismailis Kurds al Salih Talaʾiʿ Shafiʿs Shia mabkhara finials Abu'l Qasim b Yayha sponsor Ascalon al Husayn grandson of the Prophet head of Kairouan Muhammad b Abu'l Qasim b Yayha Nur al Din Zangi ruler of Damascus Salah al Din Saladin b Ayyub earthquakes challenges of Mamluks Islam Muslims...

...This chapter provides a framework for two types of rules for non-Muslims, time-bound rules and timeless rights. The concepts of “abode of Islam” and “abode of War” are examples of the former. The latter are founded on six principles which are discussed: First, the essential dignity of human beings...

...This book explores the field of genealogy across Muslim contexts and the ways in which genealogical knowledge has been recorded, studied, developed, and formed into a resource in one or more Muslim societies. It considers knowledge about kinship so as to raise questions about the past and genealogy...

... to take greater account of Iranian perspectives, see my The New Muslims of Post-Conquest Iran: Tradition, Memory, and Conversion, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013 . The first chapter deals broadly with genealogy and ethnogenesis and draws to some extent on al-Mas'udi's work...

...Religion is not ordinarily an ethnic identity, although it may be reinterpreted to construct one; and even if it is not reinterpreted to construct one, it may still be considered relevant for multiculturalism. In the context of discussing the presence of Muslims in Europe, it is not easy to get...

...Muslim history in Europe has a rather long, albeit complicated, tenure. As a result of this, there are many Muslim communities left in eastern, southern and northern Europe, while the majority in the west (such as those in the United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands) are of more recent origin...

... of the position of Muslims in the EU incomplete. This chapter explores Muslims and religious discrimination in EU law and policy, actions of the European Council and the European Commission related to religious discrimination, the European Council's creation of a Charter of Fundamental Rights, the European Court...

...The development of European civilisation and, consequently, European identity, is impossible to imagine without Islam and Muslims. A Muslim adhering to sharī'ah, or an Orthodox Jew making halakah his criterion of behaviour, can exit the religious community simply...

...The political participation of Muslims in Europe is complex with different experiences in different age groups and among Europe’s countries. In recent years the issue has been confused further by the heightened public discussion on security. This chapter sets a broader context for the fifteen...

...Violence as an element of historical relationships between Muslims and between Muslims and non-Muslims has been the object of scholarly work in the past. However, the role of violence in the political economy of Muslim societies, specifically its function as a tool to take possession of the public...

...This chapter suggests that we understand cosmopolitanism among Hui Muslims in nineteenth-century China as the ability to situate oneself in relation to both Chinese and Islamic history. Based on Li Huanyi’s 1874 Words and Deeds of Islamic Exemplars (Ch. Qingzhen xianzheng...

...Since the 1970s, we have seen increasing interest in the integration of Muslims as the most visible ethno-religious minority group in Britain. The term ‘integration’ as used in this chapter is concerned with the social aspect of a process in which Muslims, as well as other minority ethnic people...

...Chapter 4 analyses the second shift in modern ruler visibility, along faith-based lines, during the reign of Abdülmecid’s son, Abdülhamid II (1876–1909). It demonstrates that the sultan strove to present himself as a pious Muslim to Muslims at home and abroad, and as a Western ruler to non-Muslims...

... questions of political integration, especially among women and youth. Part three looks out how institutions, Muslim and local or national, can facilitate and contribute to directing the particular ways in which political integration can be channelled or hindered. Finally, the fourth part investigates two...

...Literary dialogues between Christians and Muslims can be traced back to the first centuries of Islam. Although the practice of disputation in the majlis (assembly) was no longer present in the Ottoman Empire, Catholic missionaries in the Middle East continued to write fictional...