... language and its rituals, was implicated in the evolving ideology of crusade, and in turn, the extent to which crusading, through the liturgy, was brought into the very heart and definition of Christianity. crusading and the liturgy eschatology and apocalyptic thinking laity binary between God his...

... and apostasy movement Golden Horde Islamization of Islam spread of martyrs Christian myths as sources of knowledge Orthodox Christianity Qur’anic schools Islamic primary education Volga region apostates Islamic knowledge jadid schools maktab Muslim school Orthodox missionaries clergy popular Islam...

... the creative labor of gathering the wisdom of his time to help preachers, Jacopo also showed enough originality to justify attention to himself. Jacopo's primary audience absorbed his thought, and through them his influence helped shape the development of Christianity. elephant sermon Marian sermons Mary...

... education planning contributed to the emergence of new rationales for embracing Christianity as an integral part of France's cultural heritage and tamping down the anticlerical edge of French laïcité as the overarching framework for school policy in both metropole and colony. The other...

..., masters of gymnastics, and teachers, but “the royal art of prescribing cannot be defined on the basis of the pastorate.” Foucault then focuses on the subject of the Hebrews and Christianity. Agamemnon Plato Gogol Nikolai Gregory I the Great Pope Rule of St Benedict Ambrose of Milan Benedict...

... between Christianity and paganism. The chapter also explores how the notions of monotheism and the conception of monstrosity worked in tandem in an effort to maintain a firm moral framework. fate wyrd Hildebrandslied migration period heroic legendary tradition Nibelungenlied Christianity and paganism...

... lobby with distinct interests in the trajectory of U.S. foreign relations. It also reveals that the vast expansion of evangelical Christianity throughout the world during the 1970s and 1980s nurtured ties between U.S. evangelicals and their coreligionists abroad, which created a diffuse yet energetic...

... involvement in this new global Christian network cultivated an internationalist outlook among U.S. evangelicals. It also links the global expansion of evangelical Christianity with the concomitant rise in evangelical political influence in the United States. apocalyptic views Christianity Today Graham Billy...

...This chapter explains the practical mechanisms by which evangelical organizations expanded their reach. It talks about many scholars of Christianity that have attributed the global expansion of evangelicalism to “new technology” without adequately demonstrating how technological innovations made...

... and participant in the history of Christian life and spirituality. His inner life and external actions illuminate his own time and provide a context for ours. In addition to his sophisticated theology, his moving sermons, and his influence among kings and popes, Bernard can plausibly be considered the first...

... accordingly reflects numerous essential religious and cultural features of the era, especially the saturation of contemporary American culture by evangelical Christianity and the Bible. Additionally, Melville's novel tackling apocalyptic expectations is largely based on the prophecies of Christ's Second...

... concerned with the injustices of the human condition and the problematic nature of modern Christianity. Melville's use of apocalyptic symbolism in the novel also largely relied on Daniel and Revelation. Tocqueville Alexis de Democracy in America Ahab King Books of Job Eschatology Paul Saint Theodicy...

...This introductory chapter reveals Russia's anxiety over its Christian heritage—specifically, its anxiety over the meaning and significance of Jesus Christ. Russian literature of the past two hundred plus years is as secular as any of the literatures of its European neighbors. And yet, at the same...

... Christianity and Russian literature, as well as educated general readers interested in religion and nineteenth-century Russian novels....

...-Soviet Russia. The chapter then notes the formation of national identity in the country as expressed by the Russian media elite in the polylogue it shaped with historical and political developments, Russian language, and Orthodox Christianity. It explores the media discourse circulating around...

... the need for a moral framework capable of comprehending the disillusionment that lurks behind any cult of beauty and strength in a capricious and uncertain world. His chosen escape would eventually be the adoption of a severe and uncompromising version of Orthodox Christianity. Before that, however, he...

... was needed; something that might outlive the flesh. The last twenty years of his life, following this “inner rebirth,” would be characterized by an attempt to live according to the dictates of an Orthodox Christianity of a severely ascetic and mystical temper. asceticism religious Athos Mount Leontiev...

... to be a missionary in an imperial context. The chapter first considers the challenges faced by American missionaries in trying to convert India before discussing their hopes that education would be the key to introducing Christianity to the country. It then presents the story of Babajee, a Hindu convert...

...This chapter looks at how the seemingly rampant skepticism of the Gilded Age led many Protestants to reexamine the nature of doubt. Drawing on two theological ideas—the “person of Jesus” as the fundamental element of Christianity and the progressive nature of revelation—these liberals effectively...

... superstition was, in fact, among the most versatile, broadly applicable terms that Christian authorities used to establish boundaries between licit and illicit action, as well as between proper and improper belief. This chapter lays out the thematic groundwork underpinning this study by delving further...