
Contents
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Confirming the Revolution Confirming the Revolution
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A Republic of Virtue A Republic of Virtue
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Modifying Practices, Reversing Policies Modifying Practices, Reversing Policies
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Departmentalism in Action Departmentalism in Action
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Pirates! Pirates!
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The Louisiana Purchase The Louisiana Purchase
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Assailing the Citadel Assailing the Citadel
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Embargo and Overreach Embargo and Overreach
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Congress Rebounds Congress Rebounds
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Madison’s Principled Purity Madison’s Principled Purity
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Three The Fugitive Occurrence: Jefferson and Madison
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Published:March 2015
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Abstract
President Thomas Jefferson continued the process of developing fundamental constitutional aspects of the presidency. The Twelfth Amendment opened the path to a national base for the office, but left a problematic vice presidency. Jefferson began the use of patronage to obtain loyal executive officers and began presidential management of legislation. He refused to enforce unconstitutional legislation. He sent forces to pursue the Barbary Pirates without advance congressional legislation. In purchasing Louisiana, he adopted a view of presidential prerogative that would expand the office. He manipulated the size of the judiciary and tried unsuccessfully to impeach a justice. He was a strong advocate of departmentalism, giving his branch more independence. His embargo was an oppressive use of federal power. President James Madison took a very limited view of federal power under the general welfare and necessary and proper clauses, and failed as commander in chief in the War of 1812.
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