... prevention methods, and identifies the structural factors imposed on the lives of women who are engaged in sex work. empowerment HIV AIDS epidemic women abuse of condom female International Conference on Population and Development ICPD safer sex practices World Health Organization WHO gender relations...

...The introduction begins with a quote from a work of Renaissance Spanish literature entitled La Lozana Andaluza. This quote describes the world of sex work and prostitution in the sixteenth century. Much of the introduction discusses the historiography of gender and sexuality...

...This chapter presents a controversial issue within the history of sexuality. It documents several case studies of sex work done within home-based brothels, where mothers, sisters, and father figures procured younger women and children. These examples would be interpreted today as sexual abuse...

...The conclusion surveys how in nineteenth-century Mexico, Europe, and regions around the world under European colonial rule, sex work took place in an environment of increasing government intervention, a phase in the history of sexuality that extends into the twenty-first century. The concern about...

... of multi-layered viceregal sex work acknowledges the ambiguities and limitations of documenting the history of sexuality via written sources. The elusive, ever-changing terminology for prosecuted women in the early modern Iberian world, voiced by kings, jurists, magistrates, inquisitors, and bishops...

...This chapter describes the lives of people who engage in sex work, through a combination of ethnographic analysis and self-representation. Sex work is always embedded in a life matrix of individual choices and responsibilities, and it is thus appropriate to consider the broader factors...

... to make sense of feminized labor, this book shows that sex work is part of the learned process by which some women come to believe that their self-esteem, material worth, and possibilities for life improvement are invested in their bodies....

... classified ads rehabilitative interventions sex trafficking sex work social media accounts Agustín Laura antitrafficking rescue industry Boris Eileen consent to trading sex underage youth economic issues gendered sexual labor Koken Juline migration patterns and gendered sexual labor moral issues...

... strategies under conditions of overpopulation, worsening sex ratios, and shrinking farm sizes. If we focus on social practice among the poor (instead of the normative discourse), normative boundaries between marriage and the traffic in women—and between marriage and sex work—cannot be sustained...

... for women in both urban and rural settings. They address topics including food security, sex work, health, marriage, education, poetry, politics, prisoners, and community development. Eschewing stereotypes about the burqa, the contributors focus instead on women's empowerment and agency, and their struggles...

...This chapter discusses the political economy of sexual oppression. It maps the diverse social and cultural spaces of female and male sex work, and studies the intersecting structures of economic marginalization, racism, sexism, and heterosexism that shape the possibilities for risk reduction...

...In a milieu of increasing militarization, early nineteenth century Mexico City archives frequently evoke the word prostitution, as deponents on all sides of judicial inquiries manipulated its deprecatory tone. The use of this word strengthened sex work accusations and denials by recording allegedly...

...This chapter portrays women and girls forced by poverty into sex work in Kabul, and notes that even whole families can be involved. The cases of Aisha and Samira are specifically described. Aisha was forced into sex work in one of the world's poorest and most conservative countries, where...

... for women in both urban and rural settings. They address topics including food security, sex work, health, marriage, education, poetry, politics, prisoners, and community development. Eschewing stereotypes about the burqa, the chapters focus instead on women's empowerment and agency, and their struggles...

...Chapter 1 introduces the book by explaining the broader context of polyandry and wife sale in terms of skewed sex ratios, the traffic in women, stigmatized and prohibited marriage practices, and sex work. It also introduces the sources for the study, including legal cases from local and central...

..., conditional wife sale, and outright wife sale usually took place in rural areas, most retail prostitution involved rural people who had migrated to urban areas as refugees or in search of work. For this reason, women were most vulnerable to coercion and exploitation in retail sex work. Confucian values Huang...

...From the perspective of survival strategies among the rural poor, the normative distinctions between marriage and the traffic in women—and between marriage and sex work—cannot be sustained. Trafficking played a fundamental role in the marriage system, of which the practices documented here were...

... population” and demanding that states implement more invasive control measures. This chapter explores how campaigns to criminalize HIV spread across the country starting in the mid-1980s. Fears of sex work and homosexuality drove early efforts, while one state’s law helped to spread HIV-specific criminal...

... is loosely translated as a “bawd.” The chapter focuses on the legal history of sex work in Spain. First it discusses the role of the bawd in Spanish law codes, especially the thirteenth-century siete partidas, which influenced the viceregal judicial system. Along with bawds, Spaniards also...

... a degree of public honor as they took part in sex work inside their homes.The confused eighteenth-century reactions by church, state, and neighbors to sexually active women often derived from increased opportunities for permitted or at least tolerated socializing between the sexes. These new social spaces...