
Contents
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The Cast of Players The Cast of Players
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Constitutive Parthenogens Constitutive Parthenogens
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Lacertidae (Wall or Rock Lizards) Lacertidae (Wall or Rock Lizards)
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Darevskia armeniaca Darevskia armeniaca
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Gekkonidae (Geckos) Gekkonidae (Geckos)
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Heteronotia binoei Heteronotia binoei
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Lepidodactylus lugubris Lepidodactylus lugubris
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Hemidactylus garnotii Hemidactylus garnotii
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Nactus pelagicus Nactus pelagicus
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Teiidae (Whiptail Lizards) Teiidae (Whiptail Lizards)
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Aspidoscelis uniparens Aspidoscelis uniparens
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Gymnophthalmidae (Spectacled Lizards) Gymnophthalmidae (Spectacled Lizards)
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Xantusiidae (Night Lizards) Xantusiidae (Night Lizards)
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Scincidae (Skinks) Scincidae (Skinks)
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Typhlopidae (Blind Snakes) Typhlopidae (Blind Snakes)
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Other Taxa Other Taxa
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Sporadic Natural Parthenogens Sporadic Natural Parthenogens
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Additional Parthenogens? Additional Parthenogens?
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Cellular and Genetic Mechanisms Cellular and Genetic Mechanisms
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Evolution and Phylogeny Evolution and Phylogeny
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Hybrid Origins Hybrid Origins
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Parent Sexual Species and Direction of Cross Parent Sexual Species and Direction of Cross
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Triploid Geneses Triploid Geneses
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Number of Hybridization Events Number of Hybridization Events
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Genealogical Histories Genealogical Histories
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Evolutionary Ages of Clones Evolutionary Ages of Clones
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Comparative Ecology and Natural History Comparative Ecology and Natural History
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Geographic Distribution and Abundance Geographic Distribution and Abundance
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Adaptive Phenotypes Adaptive Phenotypes
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CHAPTER THREE Reproduction by the Chaste: Parthenogenesis
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Published:October 2008
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Abstract
Virgins can indeed give birth, and not only in Greek mythology. In biology, the word partheno appended by genesis (meaning origin) describes the clonal process by which a female procreates without assistance from males. She does so by producing special eggs cells that require no sperm or fertilization before initiating the development of offspring who, in most cases, are genetically identical to their virgin mother. This phenomenon exists in nature as a constitutive reproductive mode in several unisexual (all-female) “species” of reptile, and sporadically in several additional groups. This chapter describes all known cases of parthenogenesis in vertebrate animals, and includes details about cellular and genetic mechanisms, evolutionary origins and durations, and potential ecological or adaptive significance.
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