
Contents
-
-
-
-
-
Explanations for Gender Representativeness Explanations for Gender Representativeness
-
Culture Culture
-
Socioeconomic Environment Socioeconomic Environment
-
Formal Representation Formal Representation
-
Electoral Rules Electoral Rules
-
Gender Quotas Gender Quotas
-
The Design of Candidate Quota Laws The Design of Candidate Quota Laws
-
Quota-Compatible Electoral Contexts Quota-Compatible Electoral Contexts
-
-
-
-
An Empirical Test An Empirical Test
-
Explaining the Election of Women in Latin America Explaining the Election of Women in Latin America
-
Conclusion Conclusion
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2 Descriptive Representation: Electing Women in Latin America
Get access-
Published:September 2010
Cite
Abstract
Why do more women get elected to Latin American legislatures today than 30 years ago and why are more women elected in some countries than others? This chapter examines how formal representation affects descriptive representation of women focusing on the proportionality of electoral rules and electoral gender quotas. It presents a statistical analysis with data on 18 Latin American democracies from 1974 (or the year of democratic transition) through 2007. It shows that large district magnitudes, large party magnitudes, and gender quotas are the most important explanations for the varying percentage of women in office. Further, it shows that the design of gender quota laws matters—quotas that require larger percentages of positions on party ballots to be female, that mandate that women be placed in winnable positions on party lists, and that provide mechanisms for enforcing quotas get more women into office than weaker quota laws.
Sign in
Personal account
- Sign in with email/username & password
- Get email alerts
- Save searches
- Purchase content
- Activate your purchase/trial code
- Add your ORCID iD
Purchase
Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions.
Purchasing informationMonth: | Total Views: |
---|---|
October 2022 | 2 |
November 2022 | 2 |
December 2022 | 7 |
February 2023 | 2 |
March 2023 | 2 |
April 2023 | 1 |
May 2023 | 11 |
August 2023 | 10 |
September 2023 | 7 |
November 2023 | 5 |
December 2023 | 1 |
January 2024 | 26 |
February 2024 | 1 |
March 2024 | 36 |
April 2024 | 3 |
May 2024 | 6 |
June 2024 | 1 |
September 2024 | 1 |
October 2024 | 6 |
November 2024 | 3 |
January 2025 | 3 |
February 2025 | 11 |
March 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 3 |
Get help with access
Institutional access
Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:
IP based access
Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.
Sign in through your institution
Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.
If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.
Sign in with a library card
Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.
Society Members
Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:
Sign in through society site
Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:
If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.
Sign in using a personal account
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.
Personal account
A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.
Viewing your signed in accounts
Click the account icon in the top right to:
Signed in but can't access content
Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.
Institutional account management
For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.