The Allure of Empire: American Encounters with Asians in the Age of Transpacific Expansion and Exclusion
The Allure of Empire: American Encounters with Asians in the Age of Transpacific Expansion and Exclusion
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Abstract
Empires were never the agents of progress as their apologists claimed. Yet during the Progressive Era, various people across the Pacific turned to empires as a source of empowerment. While the United States and Japan strove to emerge as the world’s great powers, numerous Asians and African Americans embraced Japan to challenge long-standing assumptions of human inequality based on color. Japan’s allure, however, was hardly limited to nonwhite peoples. American policymakers perceived Japan as a “progressive” empire akin to their own, and the two powers cultivated an amicable relationship across the color line, even as they competed for influence in Asia and conflicted over Japanese immigration to the American West. The Allure of Empire traces how American ideas about Asians were made and remade on the imperial stage, and how these ideas shaped US foreign and immigration policies. Based on research conducted in South Korea and the United States, it uncovers how Americans justified Japan’s colonial rule in Korea by comparing it to the US rule in Cuba and the Philippines. It reveals that the United States refused to exclude Japanese immigrants the same way as it had excluded Chinese and Indian immigrants until American perceptions of Japan took a negative turn, in light of Japan’s violent treatment of Koreans and the Chinese. But even after Japanese exclusion in 1924, the mutual respect for “progressive” empires sustained the inter-imperial relationship until World War II, when both sides erased the history of their collaborations to cast each other as incompatible enemies.
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Front Matter
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Introduction: Seeing Race beyond the Color Line
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1
Empires of Reform: The United States, Japan, and the End of Korean Sovereignty, 1904–1905
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2
Between Empire and Exclusion: The Professional Class at the Helm of Anti-Japanese Politics, 1905–1915
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3
Uplifting the “Subject Races”: American Missionary Diplomacy and the Politics of Comparative Racialization, 1905–1919
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4
Empires of Exclusion: The Abrogation of the Gentlemen’s Agreement, 1919–1924
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5
Faith in Facts: The Institute of Pacific Relations and the Quest for International Peace, 1925–1933
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6
Toward a New Order: The End of the Inter-Imperial Relationship across the Color Line, 1933–1941
- Epilogue: The World Empires Made
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End Matter
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