Autonomous Vehicle Ethics: The Trolley Problem and Beyond
Autonomous Vehicle Ethics: The Trolley Problem and Beyond
Cite
Abstract
“A runaway trolley is speeding down a track . . .” So begins what is perhaps the most fecund thought experiment of the past several decades since its invention by Philippa Foot. Since then, moral philosophers have applied the “trolley problem” as a thought experiment to study many different ethical conflicts—and chief among them is the programming of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Nowadays, however, very few philosophers accept that the trolley problem is a perfect analogy for driverless cars or that the situations AVs face will resemble the forced choice of the unlucky bystander in the original thought experiment. This book represents a substantial and purposeful effort to move the academic discussion beyond the trolley problem to the broader ethical, legal, and social implications that AVs present. There are still urgent questions waiting to be addressed, for example: how AVs might interact with human drivers in mixed or “hybrid” traffic environments; how AVs might reshape our urban landscapes; what unique security or privacy concerns are raised by AVs as connected devices in the “Internet of Things”; how the benefits and burdens of this new technology, including mobility, traffic congestion, and pollution, will be distributed throughout society; and more. This book is an attempt to map the landscape of these next-generation questions and to suggest preliminary answers, with input from the disciplines of philosophy, sociology, economics, urban planning and transportation engineering, business ethics, and more, and represents a worldwide variety of perspectives.
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Front Matter
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Part I Autonomous Vehicles and Trolley Problems: Introduction by David Černý
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1
Ethics and Risk Distribution for Autonomous Vehicles
Nicholas G. Evans
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2
Autonomous Vehicles, the Badness of Death, and Discrimination
David Černý
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3
Automated Vehicles and the Ethics of Classification
Geoff Keeling
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4
Trolleys and Autonomous Vehicles: New Foundations for the Ethics of Machine Learning
Jeff Behrends andJohn Basl
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5
The Trolley Problem and the Ethics of Autonomous Vehicles in the Eyes of the Public: Experimental Evidence
Akira Inoue and others
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6
Autonomous Vehicles in Drivers’ School: A Non-Western Perspective
Soraj Hongladarom andDaniel D. Novotný
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7
Autonomous Vehicles and Normative Pluralism
Saul Smilansky
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8
Discrimination in Algorithmic Trolley Problems
Derek Leben
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1
Ethics and Risk Distribution for Autonomous Vehicles
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Part II Ethical Issues beyond the Trolley Problem: Introduction by Ryan Jenkins
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9
Unintended Externalities of Highly Automated Vehicles
Jeffrey K. Gurney
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10
The Politics of Self-Driving Cars: Soft Ethics, Hard Law, Big Business, Social Norms
Ugo Pagallo
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11
Autonomous Vehicles and Ethical Settings: Who Should Decide?
Paul Formosa
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12
Algorithms of Life and Death: A Utilitarian Approach to the Ethics of Self-Driving Cars
Stephen Bennett
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13
Autonomous Vehicles, Business Ethics, and Risk Distribution in Hybrid Traffic
Brian Berkey
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14
An Epistemic Approach to Cultivating Appropriate Trust in Autonomous Vehicles
Kendra Chilson
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15
How Soon Is Now? On the Timing and Conditions for Adopting Widespread Use of Autonomous Vehicles
Leonard Kahn
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16
The Ethics of Abuse and Unintended Consequences for Autonomous Vehicles
Keith Abney
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9
Unintended Externalities of Highly Automated Vehicles
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Part III Perspectives from Political Philosophy: Introduction by Tomáš Hříbek
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17
Distributive Justice, Institutionalism, and Autonomous Vehicles
Patrick Taylor Smith
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18
Autonomous Vehicles and the Basic Structure of Society
Veljko Dubljević andWilliam A. Bauer
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19
Supply Chains, Work Alternatives, and Autonomous Vehicles
Luke Golemon and others
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20
Can Autonomous Cars Deliver Equity?
Anne Brown
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21
Making Autonomous Vehicle Technologies Matter: Ensuring Equitable Access and Opportunity
Madhu C. Dutta-Koehler andJennifer Hatch
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17
Distributive Justice, Institutionalism, and Autonomous Vehicles
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Part IV Autonomous Vehicle Technology in the City: Introduction by Tomáš Hříbek
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22
Fixing Congestion for Whom? The Distribution of Autonomous Vehicles’ Effects on Congestion
Carole Turley Voulgaris
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23
Fulfilling the Promise of Autonomous Vehicles with a New Ethics of Transportation
Beaudry Kock andYolanda Lannquist
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24
Ethics, Autonomous Vehicles, and the Future City
Jason Borenstein and others
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25
The Autonomous Vehicle in Asian Cities: Opportunities for Gender Equity, Convivial Urban Relations, and Public Safety in Seoul and Singapore
Jeffrey K. H. Chan andJiwon Shim
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26
Autonomous Vehicles, the Driverless City, and the Pedestrian City
Tomáš Hříbek
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22
Fixing Congestion for Whom? The Distribution of Autonomous Vehicles’ Effects on Congestion
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End Matter
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For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.