
Contents
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Breakdown of Secular PVOs by Subtype Breakdown of Secular PVOs by Subtype
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Permanent Humanitarian Uses of Food Permanent Humanitarian Uses of Food
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Population Control and Food Production Population Control and Food Production
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PVO Neutrality and the Vietnam War PVO Neutrality and the Vietnam War
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Protestant PVOs and the Rise of the Evangelicals Protestant PVOs and the Rise of the Evangelicals
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The Security of Israel and Jewish PVOs The Security of Israel and Jewish PVOs
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PVOs and the Secularizing of American Society PVOs and the Secularizing of American Society
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4 The Internationalization of American Aid
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Published:September 2009
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Abstract
The field of international relief and development during the 1960s went through several changes. The foreign policy agenda of John F. Kennedy’s administration brought significant reform to foreign assistance. This chapter discusses the effects of that reform on the increasing numbers of secular agencies known as volagencies and the permanence of federal funding programs to PVOs. The creation of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) gave the federal government the institutional means of promoting and increasing PVO involvement in foreign assistance. Mirroring changes in American society, evangelical PVOs began to grow in both number and revenue with private funds, not federal dollars. With U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War, a third point of contention—political neutrality—among PVOs arose.
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