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3 Generating Incentives to Appoint Women to the International Bench: Experiences with State practice
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1. Introduction 1. Introduction
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2. The Council of Europe’s Approach to Gender 2. The Council of Europe’s Approach to Gender
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3. The Gender of ECtHR Judges by Numbers 3. The Gender of ECtHR Judges by Numbers
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3.1 A Timeline of Gender Representation at the Court 3.1 A Timeline of Gender Representation at the Court
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3.2 Gender and Regional Origin 3.2 Gender and Regional Origin
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3.3. Gender and Age 3.3. Gender and Age
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3.4. The Professional Backgrounds of Judges 3.4. The Professional Backgrounds of Judges
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3.5. Motherhood at the Court 3.5. Motherhood at the Court
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4. Drawing Conclusions from the Data 4. Drawing Conclusions from the Data
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4.1 Regional Variations and Nomination Processes 4.1 Regional Variations and Nomination Processes
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4.2 Election by PACE 4.2 Election by PACE
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4.3 Traits of Successful Female Judicial Candidates 4.3 Traits of Successful Female Judicial Candidates
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5. Effectiveness, Compliance, Legitimacy 5. Effectiveness, Compliance, Legitimacy
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6. Improving the Representation of Women on the Strasbourg Bench 6. Improving the Representation of Women on the Strasbourg Bench
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7. Conclusion 7. Conclusion
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17 The Contribution of Women Judges and Prosecutors to the Development of International Criminal Law
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18 The Contribution of Female Judges to the Victim Jurisprudence of the International Criminal Court
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10 Fifty Years of Women at the European Court of Human Rights: Successes and Failures of the Council of Europe’s Gender Agenda
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Published:December 2020
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Abstract
The European Court of Human Rights is unique among regional and international courts in that, since 2004, States have been required to include both male and female nominees in their lists of three candidates for judicial office at the Court. Upon the introduction of this rule, the number of female judges at the Court rapidly rose. Despite this, today, there are still fewer women on the Strasbourg bench than men, and the number of female judges is now declining. This chapter explores some of the traits of successful female candidates for judicial office at the Court, namely their regional origin, age, professional background, and feminist engagement, as well as whether they were mothers of young children at the time of their election. It also examines the growing gender gap at the Court, addresses the importance of adequate gender representation on the Strasbourg bench, and formulates recommendations for continuing to ensure that women are appropriately represented among the Court’s judges.
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