
Contents
-
-
-
-
-
-
3 Generating Incentives to Appoint Women to the International Bench: Experiences with State practice
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17 The Contribution of Women Judges and Prosecutors to the Development of International Criminal Law
-
18 The Contribution of Female Judges to the Victim Jurisprudence of the International Criminal Court
-
-
-
-
-
-
1. Introduction 1. Introduction
-
2. Legitimacy and Bench Composition 2. Legitimacy and Bench Composition
-
2.1 Identity: Gender, Geographical Representation, and Legal tradition 2.1 Identity: Gender, Geographical Representation, and Legal tradition
-
2.2 Professional Experience: Sensitivity to Political Considerations 2.2 Professional Experience: Sensitivity to Political Considerations
-
-
3. Data 3. Data
-
4. How Diverse are WTO Panellists and Appellate Body Members? 4. How Diverse are WTO Panellists and Appellate Body Members?
-
5. Bench Composition and Legitimacy 5. Bench Composition and Legitimacy
-
5.1 WTO Dispute Panels 5.1 WTO Dispute Panels
-
5.2 The Appellate Body 5.2 The Appellate Body
-
-
6. Conclusion 6. Conclusion
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
21 Diversity and Legitimacy of the World Trade Organization’s Bench
Get access-
Published:December 2020
Cite
Abstract
This chapter sheds light on the relationship between the composition of the bench and the sociological legitimacy of the judicial branch of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Two identity characteristics are consistently part of the criticism of the WTO’s bench: the lack of female adjudicators as well as individuals with academic experience. Overall, however, the identity of the bench does not appear to matter greatly for how WTO Members evaluate its exercise of authority. We suggest that the role of the WTO’s Legal Affairs Division and the Appellate Body Secretariat in streamlining outcomes and procedures may best explain this, as it helps prevent such diversity from manifesting in dispute rulings. Alternatively, it tells us that judicial diversity matters more for the bench’s normative legitimacy—and for scholars—than it does for governments.
Sign in
Personal account
- Sign in with email/username & password
- Get email alerts
- Save searches
- Purchase content
- Activate your purchase/trial code
- Add your ORCID iD
Purchase
Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions.
Purchasing informationMonth: | Total Views: |
---|---|
October 2022 | 7 |
November 2022 | 5 |
February 2023 | 2 |
March 2023 | 7 |
April 2023 | 2 |
May 2023 | 2 |
June 2023 | 3 |
July 2023 | 2 |
August 2023 | 7 |
September 2023 | 7 |
October 2023 | 1 |
December 2023 | 10 |
January 2024 | 2 |
February 2024 | 2 |
March 2024 | 4 |
April 2024 | 1 |
May 2024 | 4 |
June 2024 | 8 |
July 2024 | 3 |
August 2024 | 2 |
September 2024 | 4 |
October 2024 | 4 |
November 2024 | 3 |
December 2024 | 9 |
February 2025 | 1 |
Get help with access
Institutional access
Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:
IP based access
Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.
Sign in through your institution
Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.
If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.
Sign in with a library card
Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.
Society Members
Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:
Sign in through society site
Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:
If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.
Sign in using a personal account
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.
Personal account
A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.
Viewing your signed in accounts
Click the account icon in the top right to:
Signed in but can't access content
Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.
Institutional account management
For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.