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Demonstration of physical signs in medicine with photographs and moving pictures: The beginnings Demonstration of physical signs in medicine with photographs and moving pictures: The beginnings
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Introduction Introduction
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Bibliography Bibliography
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Bibliography Bibliography
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Eadweard Muybridge (1830–1904) Eadweard Muybridge (1830–1904)
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Bibliography Bibliography
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Eugène-Louis Doyen (1859–1916) Eugène-Louis Doyen (1859–1916)
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Bibliography Bibliography
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Cite
Extract
Demonstration of physical signs in medicine with photographs and moving pictures: The beginnings
Introduction
The first medical book illustrated with photographs of patients was published in 1862 by Duchenne. It was called Album de Photographies Pathologiques. In the same year Duchenne published another work, Méchanisme de la Physionomie Humaine, where he systematically studied the response of facial muscles to electrical stimulation. Aubert notes that the slowness of the wet-collodion process then used for photography meant that Duchene had to develop a method to “freeze” the expression of the patient.
“He (Duchenne) had to adjust the electric current to suit the excitability of each muscle, in order to hold the contraction long enough to be photographed.
To achieve this goal for most of these experiments, Duchenne recruited an old man as a subject who suffered from a facial anesthesia. Hence he did not feel the pain associated with electrical stimulation.”
Aubert regards this as probably Duchenne’s “most inspired work.” It caused a sensation in Neurology, Neurophysiology, experimental psychology, and fine arts. Charles Darwin used photographs from it and made frequent favorable references to Duchenne in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (see also Duchenne and Faces Footnotes).
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