
Contents
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Key components Key components
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Basic physics Basic physics
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Units Units
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Basic definitions Basic definitions
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Matter Matter
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Fluids Fluids
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Pressure Pressure
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Boyle's law Boyle's law
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Laplace's law Laplace's law
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Flow Flow
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Viscosity Viscosity
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Laminar flow Laminar flow
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Turbulent flow Turbulent flow
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The Bernoulli principle The Bernoulli principle
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Humidification Humidification
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Principles of clinical measurement Principles of clinical measurement
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Measuring pressure Measuring pressure
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Transducers Transducers
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Distortion in measurement Distortion in measurement
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Measuring flow Measuring flow
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Cardiac output measurement Cardiac output measurement
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Indicator dilution Indicator dilution
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Arterial pulse contour analysis (PiCCO®, LiDCO®) Arterial pulse contour analysis (PiCCO®, LiDCO®)
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Doppler ultrasound Doppler ultrasound
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Echocardiography Echocardiography
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Bioimpedance Bioimpedance
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Measuring gas flow and volume Measuring gas flow and volume
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Spirometers Spirometers
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Measurement of gas flow rate Measurement of gas flow rate
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The rotameter The rotameter
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Peak flow meters Peak flow meters
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Pneumotachograph Pneumotachograph
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Cite
Extract
Key components
It is what we think we know that prevents us from learning
(Claude Bernard)
Whilst it may appear to an outsider that ICM is entirely reliant on complex monitoring systems, this would, in fact, be a gross misunderstanding. Monitoring is a merely an aid for observing our patients and must never be used as a substitute for thorough history and clinical examination.
Monitoring systems should be accurate, reproducible, and easily understood. They should be reliable in tracking changes in the patient (i.e. with minimal delay), but above all they should be relatively painless and free from major risks.
Advances in microcircuit computer technology and data retrieval have produced a bewildering choice of systems for monitoring in PIC. As a paediatric intensivist you will need to be able to look beyond the shiny new machines and concentrate on the key components of monitoring:
...
These key components, combined with a firm grasp of physiological principles, will allow the intensivist to interpret data obtained in a critical and, above all, useful manner.
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