
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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How psychological treatments developed How psychological treatments developed
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Early departures from Freud's original group Early departures from Freud's original group
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The neo-Freudians The neo-Freudians
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The development of cognitive–behaviour therapy The development of cognitive–behaviour therapy
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Classification of psychological treatments Classification of psychological treatments
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Common factors in psychological treatment Common factors in psychological treatment
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Transference and counter-transference Transference and counter-transference
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Counselling and crisis intervention Counselling and crisis intervention
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Counselling Counselling
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Approaches to counselling Approaches to counselling
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Counselling for specific purposes Counselling for specific purposes
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Debriefing Debriefing
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Counselling for relationship problems Counselling for relationship problems
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Grief counselling Grief counselling
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Counselling about risks Counselling about risks
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Counselling in primary care Counselling in primary care
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Crisis intervention Crisis intervention
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Problems leading to crisis Problems leading to crisis
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Crisis intervention methods Crisis intervention methods
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Supportive psychotherapy Supportive psychotherapy
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Interpersonal psychotherapy Interpersonal psychotherapy
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Cognitive–behaviour therapy Cognitive–behaviour therapy
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General features of cognitive–behaviour therapy General features of cognitive–behaviour therapy
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Assessment for cognitive–behaviour therapy Assessment for cognitive–behaviour therapy
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Behavioural techniques Behavioural techniques
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Relaxation training Relaxation training
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Exposure Exposure
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Desensitization Desensitization
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Flooding Flooding
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Exposure in everyday practice Exposure in everyday practice
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Exposure with response prevention Exposure with response prevention
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Social skills training Social skills training
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Assertiveness training Assertiveness training
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Anger management Anger management
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Self-control techniques Self-control techniques
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Contingency management Contingency management
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Enuresis alarms Enuresis alarms
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Complex behavioural techniques Complex behavioural techniques
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Habit reversal Habit reversal
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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
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Behavioural techniques that are no longer in general use Behavioural techniques that are no longer in general use
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Cognitive techniques Cognitive techniques
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Cognitive –behavioural treatments Cognitive –behavioural treatments
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Treatments for anxiety disorders Treatments for anxiety disorders
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Cognitive–behaviour therapy for depressive disorders Cognitive–behaviour therapy for depressive disorders
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Cognitive–behaviour therapy for bulimia nervosa Cognitive–behaviour therapy for bulimia nervosa
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Cognitive–behaviour therapy for hypochondriasis Cognitive–behaviour therapy for hypochondriasis
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Cognitive–behaviour therapy for schizophrenia Cognitive–behaviour therapy for schizophrenia
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Cognitive therapy for personality disorder Cognitive therapy for personality disorder
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Dialectic behaviour therapy for borderline personality disorder Dialectic behaviour therapy for borderline personality disorder
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Individual dynamic psychotherapies Individual dynamic psychotherapies
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Brief insight-oriented psychotherapy Brief insight-oriented psychotherapy
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Starting treatment Starting treatment
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Subsequent sessions Subsequent sessions
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Indications Indications
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Cognitive–analytic therapy Cognitive–analytic therapy
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Long-term individual dynamic psychotherapy Long-term individual dynamic psychotherapy
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Treatment in groups Treatment in groups
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Small-group psychotherapy Small-group psychotherapy
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The origins of group psychotherapy The origins of group psychotherapy
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Classification of small-group therapies Classification of small-group therapies
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Terminology Terminology
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Therapeutic factors in group therapy Therapeutic factors in group therapy
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General indications for group therapy General indications for group therapy
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Group or individual therapy? Group or individual therapy?
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What problems are suitable? What problems are suitable?
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Contraindications for group therapy Contraindications for group therapy
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Types of small-group psychotherapy Types of small-group psychotherapy
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Supportive groups Supportive groups
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Self-help (‘mutual-help’) groups Self-help (‘mutual-help’) groups
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Therapeutic groups Therapeutic groups
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Interpersonal group therapy Interpersonal group therapy
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Preparation for the group Preparation for the group
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Setting up the group Setting up the group
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Some problems in group therapy Some problems in group therapy
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Group analysis Group analysis
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Encounter groups and psychodrama (action techniques) Encounter groups and psychodrama (action techniques)
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Ward groups Ward groups
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Therapeutic communities Therapeutic communities
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Therapeutic day hospitals Therapeutic day hospitals
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Psychotherapy with couples and families Psychotherapy with couples and families
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Couple therapy Couple therapy
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Family therapy Family therapy
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Systemic family therapy Systemic family therapy
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Eclectic family therapy Eclectic family therapy
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Assessment Assessment
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Intervention Intervention
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Results of family therapy Results of family therapy
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Psychotherapy for children Psychotherapy for children
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Psychotherapy for older people Psychotherapy for older people
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Treatments of mainly historical and cultural interest Treatments of mainly historical and cultural interest
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Ethical problems in psychological treatment Ethical problems in psychological treatment
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Further reading Further reading
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Cite
Abstract
Chapter 20 is concerned with various kinds of counselling, psychotherapy, behavioural and cognitive therapies, and some related techniques. It addresses that this chapter should be read in conjunction with the general advice about treatment in the chapters on physical treatment and on services, that this chapter contains advice on the general value of various treatments. Advice about the value of these treatments for specific disorders is given in the chapters concerned with the relevant disorders, that psychological treatments are often combined with medication, and appropriate ways of doing this are considered in the chapters concerned with the relevant disorders, that because many different techniques of treatment are considered here, none can be described in detail, and suggestions for further reading are given in several places in the chapter, and lastly, that although outline descriptions of technique are given in several places, supervised experience is essential before any of these treatments can be used with patients.
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