
Contents
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Definition Definition
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Clinical Features Clinical Features
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Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy and Physiology
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How to Approach the Image How to Approach the Image
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What Not to Miss What Not to Miss
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Differential Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
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Transudative Pleural Effusion Transudative Pleural Effusion
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Exudative Pleural Effusion Exudative Pleural Effusion
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Unilateral Pleural Effusion Unilateral Pleural Effusion
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Causes of Spontaneous Pneumothorax Causes of Spontaneous Pneumothorax
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Elevated Hemidiaphragm Elevated Hemidiaphragm
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Imaging Findings Imaging Findings
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Congestive Heart Failure Congestive Heart Failure
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Cirrhosis with Hepatic Hydrothorax Cirrhosis with Hepatic Hydrothorax
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Parapneumonic Effusion and Empyema Parapneumonic Effusion and Empyema
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Hemothorax Hemothorax
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Esophageal Tear Esophageal Tear
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Malignancy Malignancy
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Pulmonary Embolism Pulmonary Embolism
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Chylothorax Chylothorax
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Asbestos Exposure Asbestos Exposure
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Subpulmonic Effusion Subpulmonic Effusion
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Pseudotumor Pseudotumor
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Clinical Issues Clinical Issues
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Further Reading Further Reading
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12 Pleural Collections and Emergencies
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Published:February 2016
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Abstract
This chapter provides information on different types of pleural collections in the emergency setting. These include pleural effusion, pneumothorax, hemothorax, chylothorax, and empyema. Normal anatomy and physiology of the pleural space are important to understanding the development of pathology. Clinical information such as presenting symptoms, physical examination and laboratory findings, and intervention are discussed. Pertinent imaging findings, pitfalls, and differential diagnoses for each pleural collection are presented. Complications related to disease progression and/or management include tension pneumothorax, re-expansion pulmonary edema, and bronchopleural fistula.
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