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Eric T. Natwick, Martin I. Lopez, Insecticide Efficacy for Lettuce Worm Pests, 2016, Arthropod Management Tests, Volume 42, Issue 1, January 2017, tsx097, https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsx097
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The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of foliar insecticide spray applications for control of SPW under desert growing conditions. Leaf lettuce, ‘Jupiter’ was direct seeded on 13 Sep 2016 at the University of California Desert Research and Extension Center, Holtville, CA, into double row beds on 40-inch centers. Stand establishment was achieved using overhead sprinkler irrigation initiated on 13 Sep, and irrigated via furrow irrigation was used after stand establishment. Plots were four 40-inch beds (13.3-ft) wide by 50-ft long with one nonplanted bed between plots and 5 ft of bare ground between replicate blocks. Four replications of each treatment were arranged in an RCB design. Insecticidal compounds, formulations, and application rates are provided in Table 1a and b and Table 2a and b. All insecticide treatments were foliar sprays applied with a Lee Spider Spray Trac Tractor, four-row sprayer with three TJ-60 11003VS nozzles per row delivering a directed spray application at 50 psi and 63 gpa on 4 and 19 Oct 2016. A pretreatment (PT) sampling of BAW and CL from 10 plants per replicate was completed on 29 Sep 2016; 6 days prior to foliar applications. Posttreatment samples from ten plants per replicate for the untreated check and foliar sprays were taken on 7 Oct or 3 days after first application (3-DAA1), 11 Oct (7-DAA1), 14 Oct (10-DAA1), and 18 Oct (14-DAT1). Posttreatment averages (PTAs) were calculated for the insecticides treatments and untreated check. A second application of the insecticides treatments was applied on 19 Oct and sampled on 21 Oct 2 days after second application (2-DAA2), 25 Oct (6-DAA2), 27 Oct (8-DAA), and 31 Oct (12-DAT1). Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Differences among means on each sampling date were determined using protected LSD (P ≤ 0.05).
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1 y . | 7-DAA1 . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 2.00 a | 3.75 a | 0.25 a | 0.50 a | 0.50 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 1.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 2.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 ab | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1 y . | 7-DAA1 . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 2.00 a | 3.75 a | 0.25 a | 0.50 a | 0.50 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 1.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 2.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 ab | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
Days prior to treatment.
Days after application.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1 y . | 7-DAA1 . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 2.00 a | 3.75 a | 0.25 a | 0.50 a | 0.50 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 1.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 2.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 ab | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1 y . | 7-DAA1 . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 2.00 a | 3.75 a | 0.25 a | 0.50 a | 0.50 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 1.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 2.50 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 2.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.25 ab | 0.00 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 1.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.75 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 a |
Days prior to treatment.
Days after application.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2 yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2 . | PTAzw . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 3.25 a | 2.75 a | 1.50 a | 0.50 a | 1.63 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.50 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.09 b |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2 yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2 . | PTAzw . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 3.25 a | 2.75 a | 1.50 a | 0.50 a | 1.63 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.50 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.09 b |
Log10 (X + 1) transformed data used for analysis but means of nontransformed data are shown.
DAT.
Posttreatment averages.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2 yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2 . | PTAzw . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 3.25 a | 2.75 a | 1.50 a | 0.50 a | 1.63 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.50 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.09 b |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2 yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2 . | PTAzw . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated check | – | 3.25 a | 2.75 a | 1.50 a | 0.50 a | 1.63 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 b |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.03 b |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.50 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.09 b |
Log10 (X + 1) transformed data used for analysis but means of nontransformed data are shown.
DAT.
Posttreatment averages.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1yw . | 7-DAA1w . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 0.00 a | 2.25 a | 4.00 a | 4.00 a | 5.00 ab |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 3.00 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 1.00 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 2.75 bcd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.75 b | 7.25 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 1.50 b | 0.75 b | 1.25 cd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.00 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 4.00 abc |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1yw . | 7-DAA1w . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 0.00 a | 2.25 a | 4.00 a | 4.00 a | 5.00 ab |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 3.00 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 1.00 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 2.75 bcd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.75 b | 7.25 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 1.50 b | 0.75 b | 1.25 cd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.00 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 4.00 abc |
Log10 (X + 1) transformed data used for analysis but means of nontransformed data are shown.
Days prior to treatment.
Days after application.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1yw . | 7-DAA1w . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 0.00 a | 2.25 a | 4.00 a | 4.00 a | 5.00 ab |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 3.00 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 1.00 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 2.75 bcd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.75 b | 7.25 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 1.50 b | 0.75 b | 1.25 cd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.00 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 4.00 abc |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | PTx . | 3-DAA1yw . | 7-DAA1w . | 10-DAA1 . | 14-DAA1 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 0.00 a | 2.25 a | 4.00 a | 4.00 a | 5.00 ab |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 3.00 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 1.00 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 2.75 bcd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.75 b | 7.25 a |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 1.50 b | 0.75 b | 1.25 cd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.00 b | 3.50 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 0.25 a | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.50 b | 4.00 abc |
Log10 (X + 1) transformed data used for analysis but means of nontransformed data are shown.
Days prior to treatment.
Days after application.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2w . | PTAz . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 4.00 a | 3.25 a | 1.75 a | 1.75 a | 3.25 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.50 b | 0.47 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.22 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.41 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.25 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.63 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.72 bc |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2w . | PTAz . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 4.00 a | 3.25 a | 1.75 a | 1.75 a | 3.25 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.50 b | 0.47 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.22 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.41 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.25 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.63 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.72 bc |
Log10 (X + 1) transformed data used for analysis but means of nontransformed data are shown.
DAT.
Posttreatment averages.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2w . | PTAz . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 4.00 a | 3.25 a | 1.75 a | 1.75 a | 3.25 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.50 b | 0.47 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.22 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.41 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.25 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.63 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.72 bc |
| Treatment and formulation . | Rate amt/acre . | 2-DAA2yw . | 6-DAA2w . | 8-DAA2w . | 12-DAA2w . | PTAz . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Check | ———– | 4.00 a | 3.25 a | 1.75 a | 1.75 a | 3.25 a |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 7.4 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 9.4 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.50 b | 0.47 bcd |
| Exirel 0.83SE | 13.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.22 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 5.5 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.41 cd |
| Minecto Pro | 7.0 fl oz | 0.25 bc | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 1.03 b |
| Minecto Pro | 10.0 fl oz | 0.50 bc | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.56 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 5.0 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.25 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.63 bcd |
| Radiant SC | 7.5 fl oz | 0.00 c | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.06 d |
| Proclaim 5SG | 4.8 oz | 1.00 b | 0.00 b | 0.25 b | 0.00 b | 0.72 bc |
Log10 (X + 1) transformed data used for analysis but means of nontransformed data are shown.
DAT.
Posttreatment averages.
Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P > 0.05, LSD.
The BAW and CL numbers were low during the beginning of the study but gradually climbed to levels commonly seen on Imperial Valley, CA, lettuce crops. There were no differences among the treatments for BAW means for the pretreatment samples or for the 3-DAA1, 7-DAA1, and 14-DAA1 samples. All insecticide treatments except Minecto Pro at 7 fl oz/acre had fewer (P > 0.05) BAW than the untreated check for the 10-DAA1 samples (Table 1a). The BAW means for all insecticide treatments were lower than the means for the check on 2-DAA2, 6-DAA2, 8-DAA2, and 12-DAA2 (Table 1b). All insecticide treatments had BAW PTAs that were lower than the PTA for the untreated check.
There were no differences among the treatments for CL means for the pretreatment samples (Table 2a). The CL means for all of the insecticide treatments were lower than the untreated check means for the 3-DAA1, 7-DAA1, 10-DAA1, 2-DAA2, 6-DAA2, 8-DAA2, and 12-DAA2 (Tables 2a and 2b). Only Exirel 0.83SE at 13.5 fl oz/acre, Minecto Pro at 10 fl oz/acre, and Radiant SC at 7.5 fl oz/acre had fewer CL than the check 14-DAA1. The PTA for CL in the untreated check was greater than the PTA for all insecticide treatments. There were no visible symptoms of phytotoxicity following any of the insecticide treatments.
This research was supported by industry monetary gifts and in-kind gifts of insecticidal products.
Author notes
Subject Editor: John Palumbo
