...This chapter describes the activities of state-based producers of computational propaganda. Much of the early research into the political use of bots and social media focused on governmental use, which is the basis of traditional top-down models of propaganda. As this chapter shows, governments...

... Arabs in Israel then lived in areas of the country subject to military rule. The AJC confronted Israeli prime minister David Ben-Gurion on this point, urging him to rethink Israel’s entire approach to the Arab minority. After the Israeli government ignored these requests, the AJC set up an office in Tel...

...This chapter draws on the records of the Ministry of Complaints and other government correspondence to argue that Jews were tied to the state in part through their ability to demand redress from the Makhzan. This bond became particularly crucial for the sultan to reinforce as foreigners questioned...

... the rights of owners. Regulation turns out to be essential both to markets and to property. This is true whether one is a libertarian or a liberal. The question is not whether to rely on the free market or on government regulation; that is a false choice. The question is, what legal framework for property...

..., in the United States there is an elephant in the room that needs to be acknowledged. Moving to a more egalitarian, inclusive, and democratic model of workplace ownership and governance does not advocate for socialism in the sense of government ownership of industry. While some argue for a stronger governmental...

.... But with interest rates already so low, they only had limited room for further reductions. To address this challenge, in October of 2010, the bank adopted a new and exceptional framework called Comprehensive Monetary Easing, in which the bank would purchase not only long-term Japanese Government Bonds but also...

...This chapter reviews the Joint Statement by the Japanese government and the Bank of Japan. In the general elections of the House of Representatives on December 16, 2012, the Liberal Democratic Party, led by Shinzo Abe, clinched an overwhelming victory and returned to power. During the campaign, Abe...

... grassroots democracy, and the latter supporting the sale of public lands to the highest bidder, to raise revenue to pay down the national debt and finance governmental operations. That characterization vastly oversimplifies what actually happened. At the very beginning, Congress paid lip service...

... Anatolia nevertheless remained a postimperial borderland where the state lacked a monopoly on the use of force. With its emphasis on an Ottoman-Islamic core to Turkish identity, the AKP seeks to supplement previous governments’ efforts to solve the Kurdish problem with aspects of a classically imperial...

.... The chapter highlights the petition to the British government for a retrospective royal prerogative of mercy in light of the considerable wrong that was done to Oscar Wilde. It points out how the case for the Crown to make an explicit pardon for the acts of gross indecency that Wilde was deemed to have...

...This chapter presents a translation of Savonarola'sTreatise on the Rule and Government of the City of Florence. Treatise on the Rule and Government of Florence Savonarola body human government generally Christ as leader ambition envy laws amnesty lust pride sin vs animal...

...This chapter shows how Coffin shared disinterest in Vietnam with most Americans in the early 1960s. When editorialists or government officials mentioned the tiny nation that few Americans could even locate on a map, they generally invoked common, if inaccurate, Cold War pieties. “Communist...

.... Nevertheless, the connection with such a powerful and prominent man was the shaping force of Marie-Aurore's life. Over the course of two decades, Marie-Aurore made repeated attempts to be acknowledged officially as the “natural” daughter of the marshal de Saxe and to obtain from the French government...

..., Ledyard obtained none of the formal distinctions that a white man in early America could count on to get ahead—wealth, a college degree, a ministerial post, an officer's commission, or government office. But during his short life, he also came to be well known. This was not simply because of his exotic...

...This book looks at how the Progressive Era redefined the playing field for conservatives and liberals alike. During the 1912 presidential campaign, Progressivism emerged as an alternative to what was then considered an outmoded system of government. A century later, a new generation...

... religious law shaykh al eslām Europe Europeans Azerbaijan Azerbaijanis Persian children mothers government officials religious officials Charand-o Parand Ali-Akbar Dehkhodā Sur-e Esrāfil Iranian newspaper columns Mom? Uh-huh. What does the earth stand on? The horns of an ox. What does the ox...

...This chapter describes events following Cohen's resignation from government service on January 20, 1953. During his retirement, Cohen remained in close contact with a wide range of politicians, journalists, civil servants, and academics. He also continued to be an active follower of foreign affairs...

...This chapter explores the history of the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution. In 1776, the American colonies declared independence from the British Empire by claiming the popular right to throw off the shackles of a corrupt government and to create a new one. The chapter argues...

...This chapter discusses the Largo Caballero Government and the dissatisfaction felt by Soviet policy makers toward it. Despite this dissatisfaction, the Largo Caballero Government was still accepted as a reasonable start toward a viable Popular Front government. The development and comparatively...

... war with the patriarch, Vvedensky not only 105 tried to convince the rebellious bishops to obey the Bolsheviks; he also wrote articles accusing the imprisoned patriarch of antistate activities. ⁵ Hungry for popularity as well as governmental approval, he wanted desperately...