... of Judges and the Ruler [hereafter, “the Criterion”]) by Shihāb al-Dīn Ahmad b. Idrīs al-Qarāfā. This work is neither of theoretical jurisprudence nor of substantive law, but exists at the intersection of both. The Criterion aims to reconcile the idea of divinely revealed law with the fact...

.... It happened between August 1325 and September 1326; the episcopal inquisition initiated a trial. Some of Eckhart's errors comprised fifteen passages taken from the Book of Divine Consolation, others from his second commentary on Genesis and from his German sermons. Eckhart's brothers had...

...This chapter explains that silver was used at the altar because of its divine connotations, and its use in the sacraments of baptism and Holy Communion further instructed people that silver was the right material to use in rituals. If Anglican infant baptism thus served the emotional needs...

... of possibility.” It also presents Qur'anic models to guide newer visions of justice and beauty made possible as access to the minbar expands. The chapter describes khutbahs that concentrate on framing the origins of human–divine relations and ontological locations, particularly the nature of humanity...

...This chapter examines the St John Passion and its account of human suffering in the Gospel according to John in relation to a view of the death of Christ as a demonstration of his divine glory. It first provides some historical background information on the St John Passion before analysing...

...This book has explored Johann Sebastian Bach’s major vocal works, with particular emphasis on their place in the liturgy, the theologies of love and divine presence, and the musical techniques employed by Bach to interpret and highlight the texts that were given to him by his librettist. It has...

... Mediterranean family. Seen from this vantage of divine–human relationships, the cities of Roman antiquity can be viewed as family-based religious institutions. “Family”—blood-kinship—ran vertically, between heaven and earth, uniting peoples with their gods. And “family” also ran horizontally, binding...

...This chapter discusses Abulafia's focus on manipulations of language and divine names; he believed that redemption consisted in the application of the linguistic techniques on a much broader scale. The new age—historical or psychological—was to be ushered in, according to Abulafia's view...

... of a transcendental divine layer, designated as 'Illat ha-'Illot, Causa Causarum, and a system of ten divine powers named sefirot. This chapter explores the fact that the first Kabbalist who flourished in Italy after Abulafia did not follow his mystical path and ignored his writings; he did not even...

... reverberations, including its repercussions in southern Italy from the tenth to twelfth centuries, and in Ashkenazi esoteric literatures emphasized mainly the linguistic aspects of magic, namely letters, names, seals, prayers, and incantations. These strategies were conceived of as extensions of the divine...

... foundation of the new government. For all the recent events, the success of early modern monarchs in instilling belief in the divinity of kings is massively demonstrated in treatises affirming the sanctity of monarchy. Those who held monarchy to be natural, part of God's creation, could only view...

...This chapter first examines the lack of metaphysics about language and looks at how the Torah is composed of white fire (the divine substance) and black fire (letters). It looks at the symbolic interpretations of the white and black fire in medieval Kabbalistic treatments, followed by the main...

...This chapter focuses on allegory, and begins with a discussion of interpretive allegory within Jewish literature and its role in Jewish hermeneutics. It then looks at an example that includes linguistic units or the divine names. It also studies some Kabbalistic approaches found in the status...

... practical terms as a way of harnessing supernatural power or divine knowledge for human objectives. Hermeticism Hugues Pierre François Baron d'Hancarville Knight Richard Payne Neoplatonism Occult and astrology Romanticism Stukeley William Supernatural Taylor Thomas Theosophy Agrippa Heinrich...

... of the university—and by extension, all universities that resisted his advocacy of intellectual freethinking. The Cabala of Pegasus consists of vernacular dialogues that turn on the identification of the noble Pegasus (the spirit of poetry) and the humble ass (the vehicle of divine revelation...

..., after they had written down their prophecies under divine inspiration, the Old Testament “prophets . . . inquired what person or time was indicated by the Spirit of Christ within them.” For both texts, therefore, there must be a “spirit” that is present within—and yet which somehow lies beyond...

... as a separate thing, but a different, latent quality emerged when it was included in a collection. The list also served Emerson in his claim of Transcendental immanence, in which the divine is found not over and above but through all individual things. Bradford William Cortés Hernán Emerson Ralph Waldo...

... and that historical work can reveal patterns of divine will. On the other hand is objective history, which arose from the efforts of Catholics and other racial and religious outsiders to resist providentialists' pejorative descriptions of non-Protestants and nonwhites. The book examines how these competing visions...

... characteristic of these texts is that within them, inner-worldly situations of lack, such as the fate of an orphan, neediness, and distress, are “lifted” by way of the provision of divine favor. These lacks gain an additional spiritual dimension through the divine nearness that compensates for them, so...

..., deathbed confessions, divine retribution, and even a destructive tornado. These folktales and family lore enabled Black communities to process and condemn local lynchings, but via an act of God or an angry ghost, rather than a direct expression of their criticism, but for some, lynchings literally haunted...