... that the ideological inspiration for communism did not come from Russia but from Western Europe and that Poland was not subordinated to the Soviet state per se but was directly subordinated to the Communist Party. Soviet Union political influence Poland Old Russia communism Western Europe...

...The United States has long been conflicted between promoting a united Western Europe in order to strengthen its defense of the West, and fearing that a more united Western Europe might not submit to American political and economic leadership. The era of wholehearted support for European unity...

... the territory of a state is consolidated. It also highlights how state-formation creates a monopoly, wherein the entire range of political strategies relying on violence is physically eliminated. The chapter highlights facts of state-formation in western Europe that support a strong division between...

..., towns, and transport. It then considers the claims of cultural betterment that were widespread in liberal educated circles across western Europe. Hogarth William Milton John L’Allegro optimism cultural songs age naming and Georgian era Congreve William The Way of the World Defoe Daniel Farquhar...

...This chapter provides a background on comparative state-formation, introducing the idea that the timing of state-formation in world history is crucial. It develops a theory that explains cases of state-formation with and without state building, such as the main contrast between western Europe...

.... The chapter delivers a central message that some paths of state-formation do not lead to state building, and a subset of them create durable obstacles to it. It draws a sharp distinction between outcomes in the modal cases of western Europe and Latin America, which opened the black box of the scope conditions...

... while referencing the time when aeroplanes started spotting the fall of shots for the artillery. It also considers the contributions of Sir John French and General Horace Smith-Dorrien. The Cabinet had to remind French that he was fighting to ensure the freedom of Western Europe. Moreover, civilians had...

...This chapter discusses the state and the growth of the information technology (IT) industry in Ireland. Ireland has become the most invigorated economy of Western Europe, a model for the European Union (EU) new entrants, with one of the world's most successful IT industries. This achievement has...

... States based on Enlightenment thinking expulsion eastern European Jews Germany Jews Jewish population movement western Europe migration church state The expulsions from late-medieval Europe were the first suffered by Jews in almost two millennia and were grounded in an innovative set...

... of sincerity. Finally, it describes how sincerity emerged as a concern for cultural critics in mid-twentieth-century Western Europe and the United States, especially after World War II. irony La Rochefoucauld François de Montaigne Michel de performance Peyre Henri Rorty Richard sincerity subjectivity...

...This chapter demonstrates how Princess Joan's story is one of journeys and marriages. As a daughter of King Henry II, she travelled back and forth across western Europe, but she was familiar with the eastern Mediterranean too, and the Holy Land. She knew Christians and Muslims and lived comfortably...

... in Western Europe and England, then explores in detail royal falconry from the reign of William I to the death of Edward I in 1307. It concludes with an overview of the place and importance of falconry in medieval life....

... inclusive analysis of present-day sincerity rhetoric. In post-Communist Russia, debates on a shift to late or post-postmodern cultural paradigms are thriving with at least as much fervor as—and possibly more than—in Western Europe or the United States. This conclusion discusses the newly gained insights...

...This chapter examines the relationship between income support policies and poverty among lone mother families in the United States relative to Canada and Western Europe. It simulates the effect on lone mothers in the United States of scaling back the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program...