... by John Locke both in his philosophical and his religious writings. They took from Locke a literalist view of reason, in which the truth of essential texts was to be found through close readings. The shape of their lives differed both because of their individual differences and the changing landscape...

... “Jacobin” ideas Essex Street Chapel Stoneyard Baptist Chapel Jewish community Bevis Marks Synagogue French Revolution Literalist view of reason Bible William Frend Theophilus Lindsey Joseph Priestley Robert Robinson The Essex Street Chapel was Frend’s first port of call as he was breaking out...

... Anthony Turner Thomas Cambridge University Trinity College Literalist view of reason Calculus Analytical Society Tripos Augustus De Morgan John Herschel Charles Babbage George Peacock William Whewell After two and a half years at Mr. Parsons’s school, Elizabeth sent her eldest surviving son...

... Brougham. As she grew into adulthood, Sophia Frend was also drawn into Lady Byron’s philanthropic orbit and became active in the Children’s Frend Society. Joined by the literalist view reason they had each learned from Frend, the two women together examined the implications of the literalist view of reason...

... Locke. Following the literalist view of reason they took from Locke into the Bible, left the two men struggling to reconcile the religion Jesus preached with doctrines set out in the Thirty-nine Articles of the Anglican Church. Over the course of a very difficult year the two of them arrived...

... School Feathers Tavern Petition Bible Literalist view of reason Trinity Essex Street Chapel Unitarian Church Francis Blackburne Theophilus Lindsey Hannah [Elsworth] Lindsey Joseph Priestley Lindsey did not keep any of the letters that accompanied his courtship. Before it began, Hannah appeared...

... Paley was tutor. The two men only overlapped for a couple of terms, but Frend vividly remembered Paley introducing him to the philosophy of John Locke. He also studied the Newtonian mathematics that served as a model for the literalist view of reason. After three years, Frend placed second in his class...

... “mummery” tolerance God Literalist view of reason Algebra Negative numbers Astronomy Evening Amusements Natural Theology Napoleon William Frend Francis Maseres Notably absent in Hays’s story of Courtney and Harley are any references to the banishments, treason trials, demonstrations...

... he was converted to a radically new interpretation of the implications of the Literalist view of reason in mathematics. To Frend’s chagrin he followed the lead of his former tutor, George Peacock, and accepted the legitimacy of negative numbers in algebra. Baron Cuvier Briggs James uncle of A De...

... Subscription requirement Reasoned religion Bible Literalist view of reason William Frend For the next year, letters may have continued to flow between William and his sister, but none of them have survived. It is only in November 1785, a full year after William outlined his marital hopes, that a new set...

... College London UCL Astronomical Society London University Literalist view of reason Mathematics William Stratford Francis Baily John Herschel Charles Babbage William Frend Henry Brougham Within days of his disappointing finish on the Tripos, De Morgan had joined his mother, sister, and two...

... “craniology” Afterlife Spiritual Consciousness (transcendent view of mind) Calculus Literalist view of reason Sophia Frend Lady Byron Augustus De Morgan William Whewell George Berkeley Augustin Cauchy Even as The Comet was providing entertainment, there were hints of impending...

... contemporary medical practice. Snug in his library, De Morgan wrapped up his investigations of algebra, and set out to incorporate logic into his literalist view of reason. He built on ideas of logic as reason that were first proposed by Richard Whately. William Whewell acted as a sounding board for his ideas...